Rou\u0161ky + Ruce + Rozestupy = 3R. Rovnice vystihuj\u00edc\u00ed om\u00edlan\u00e9 hygienick\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00ed pro ochranu p\u0159ed n\u00e1kazou covidem sice sni\u017euje riziko onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159esto nesta\u010d\u00ed na psychick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky t\u00e9to celospole\u010densk\u00e9 krize. Hygiena jako jeden z preventivn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f ochrany se sklo\u0148uje ve v\u0161ech sedmi p\u00e1dech sedm dn\u016f v t\u00fddnu. Zapom\u00edn\u00e1 se ale na jej\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou odno\u017e - psychohygienu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Definice stavu zdrav\u00ed nen\u00ed op\u0159ena pouze o p\u0159\u00edtomnost virov\u00e9 nebo bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1kazy v t\u011ble. Sv\u011btov\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 organizace (WHO) definuje zdrav\u00ed jako \u201estav kompletn\u00ed fyzick\u00e9, du\u0161evn\u00ed a soci\u00e1ln\u00ed pohody a nikoliv pouh\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti nemoci \u010di vady.\u201c K \u010dist\u00fdm ruk\u00e1m si m\u016f\u017eeme napomoci chv\u00edl\u00ed nad vodovodn\u00edm kohoutkem ve spole\u010dnosti m\u00fddla. Jak ale ulevit du\u0161i od n\u00e1nos\u016f stresu, nejistoty a dennodenn\u00ed konzumace katastrofick\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f? <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Homeoffice, kter\u00fd z na\u0161ich domov\u016f vytvo\u0159il pracovny. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159ivky naka\u017een\u00fdch. Ztr\u00e1ta pracovn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed. P\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 se vzd\u011bl\u00e1vaj\u00ed z domova. Spole\u010densk\u00e1 izolace. To je jen zlomek faktor\u016f, je\u017e ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed na\u0161e pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed v covidov\u00e9 \u00e9\u0159e. T\u00fdkaj\u00ed se de fakto ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z n\u00e1s, tak jako ruce za\u0161pin\u011bn\u00e9 cestou tramvaj\u00ed. Pokud k ji\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9mu v\u00fd\u010dtu faktor\u016f ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00edch na\u0161e psychick\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed p\u0159ipo\u010dteme t\u0159eba pocit zodpov\u011bdnosti za kvalitu poskytovan\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, pot\u00ed\u017ee s virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdukou nebo telefonick\u00fd kontakt s vystresovan\u00fdmi rodi\u010di \u010di \u017e\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed nemaj\u00ed mo\u017enost se zapojit do distan\u010dn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u00e1me \u0161anci si p\u0159edstavit du\u0161i u\u010ditele \u2013 pedagoga \u0161ar\u017ee 2020 \u2013 obalenou dal\u0161\u00ed vrstvou n\u00e1nos\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Existuje sice sada doporu\u010den\u00ed od ministerstva \u0161kolstv\u00ed, jak postupovat sm\u011brem k ide\u00e1ln\u00ed a efektivn\u00ed form\u011b proces\u016f vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v online distan\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, psychohygienu v\u0161ak t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nep\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1. I v aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed zpr\u00e1v\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed inspekce je term\u00edn \u201epsychohygiena\u201c zm\u00edn\u011bn pouze dvakr\u00e1t, a to ve velice v\u00e1gn\u00edm smyslu formou doporu\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee by se na ni nem\u011blo zapom\u00ednat. Jak m\u00e1 ale rozv\u00edjet u\u010ditelka soci\u00e1ln\u00ed dovednosti \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, kdy\u017e je jej\u00ed psychika rozlo\u017eena na prvo\u010dinitele?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z praxe v\u00edme, \u017ee p\u00e9\u010di ve form\u011b \u201edu\u0161evn\u00edho m\u00fddla\u201c \u010dasto poskytne sd\u00edln\u00fd kolega, z\u00e1stupce \u0161koln\u00edho poradensk\u00e9ho pracovi\u0161t\u011b nebo i \u0159editel \u0161koly. Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch mo\u017enostech. Ne v ka\u017ed\u00e9m pedagogick\u00e9m t\u00fdmu si takovou podporu mohou pracovn\u00edci vz\u00e1jemn\u011b poskytnout. Ne v\u0161ude je tak\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomen \u0161koln\u00ed psycholog, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 v\u0161ak prim\u00e1rn\u011b pe\u010dovat o klienty z \u0159ad \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Jist\u011b by st\u00e1lo za to, pohotov\u011b zjistit pot\u0159eby jednotliv\u00fdch \u0161kol v oblasti psychohygieny u\u010ditel\u016f. Nesta\u010d\u00ed se toti\u017e pt\u00e1t jen \u0159editel\u016f, ale c\u00edlit sv\u00e9 dotazy na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed u\u010ditele na v\u0161ech stupn\u00edch vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a podle v\u00fdsledk\u016f jim neprodlen\u011b nab\u00eddnout pravidelnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost se\u0161krab\u00e1vat ze sv\u00fdch du\u0161\u00ed balast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed cestou pomoci je moment\u00e1ln\u011b sd\u00edlen\u00ed se sv\u00fdmi kolegy u\u010diteli, pod\u011blit se o sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdukou, t\u0159eba i o sv\u00e9 nezdary, u\u017e jen pocit, \u017ee v tom nejsme sami, pom\u016f\u017ee. Jako vhodn\u00fd psychologick\u00fd n\u00e1stroj sd\u00edlen\u00ed (intervize) se nab\u00edzej\u00ed tzv. balintovsk\u00e9 skupiny pro u\u010ditele, kter\u00e9 jsou zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 pr\u00e1v\u011b na sd\u00edlen\u00ed zku\u0161enost\u00ed ohledn\u011b pr\u00e1ce se \u017e\u00e1ky, naslouch\u00e1n\u00ed a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 reakce ostatn\u00edch pedagog\u016f. Cestou by mohla b\u00fdt i krizov\u00e1 intervence formou debr\u00edfinku tak, jak ho nab\u00edz\u00ed t\u0159eba uzn\u00e1van\u00e1 psychoterapeutka Daniela Vod\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1. Jinak m\u016f\u017ee \u010cesko brzy \u010delit probl\u00e9mu, kdy v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b dlouhodob\u00e9ho vyp\u011bt\u00ed sil budou u\u010ditel\u00e9 \u0161koly opou\u0161t\u011bt v je\u0161t\u011b masivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podob\u011b, ne\u017e tomu bylo doposud.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dlouhodob\u011b se v odborn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnosti diskutuje o principech, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed podpo\u0159it prevenci profesn\u00edho vyho\u0159en\u00ed pedagog\u016f \u2013 o supervizn\u00edch programech do \u0161kol. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o vhodn\u00fd prvek, pomoc\u00ed jeho\u017e by se p\u0159ede\u0161lo ztr\u00e1t\u011b pracovn\u00edch sil. Forma supervize v\u0161ak st\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v rovin\u011b doporu\u010den\u00ed. Ve \u0161kolstv\u00ed nen\u00ed prozat\u00edm pevn\u011b ukotvena. V Pra\u017esk\u00e9m inova\u010dn\u00edm institutu se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me nejen s pedagogy, ale tak\u00e9 sly\u0161\u00edme n\u00e1zory odborn\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed opakovan\u011b na tuto nutnost upozor\u0148uj\u00ed. T\u00e9ma se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed jak v ji\u017e zpracovan\u00e9 \u0160kolsk\u00e9 inkluzivn\u00ed koncepci kraje pro HMP, takt\u00e9\u017e rezonuje p\u0159i setk\u00e1n\u00edch minit\u00fdm\u016f odborn\u00edk\u016f b\u011bhem p\u0159\u00edprav zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti iKAP 2, projektu na podporu mate\u0159sk\u00fdch, z\u00e1kladn\u00edch a st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol v Praze. Pokud se dnes vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1 online, pro\u010d stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem neumo\u017enit distan\u010dn\u00ed psychohygienu formou supervize (prevence) nebo krizov\u00e9 intervence (\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed)? I p\u0159esto, \u017ee by si tato slu\u017eba vy\u017e\u00e1dala finan\u010dn\u00ed podporu ze strany st\u00e1tu a z\u0159izovatel\u016f, investice by se vyplatila.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nicm\u00e9n\u011b jak podpo\u0159it u\u010ditele u\u017e dnes? Na pravidlo 3R bychom ur\u010dit\u011b nem\u011bli zapom\u00ednat, je t\u0159eba ale myslet i na dal\u0161\u00ed R. Psychologick\u00fd \u00fastav Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR p\u0159ipravil vlastn\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed 3R: Respekt, Rozum a Resilience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Respektovat ostatn\u00ed, jejich pot\u0159eby a pocity je pil\u00ed\u0159em u\u010ditelsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, ale ji\u017e se kolikr\u00e1t zapom\u00edn\u00e1 na respektov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch pocit\u016f. U\u010ditel\u00e9 dnes pracuj\u00ed jakoby skrze kl\u00ed\u010dovou d\u00edrku internetu na r\u016fzn\u00fdch videokonferen\u010dn\u00edch platform\u00e1ch, a to kolikr\u00e1t po tm\u011b, jeliko\u017e ne v\u0161ichni \u017e\u00e1ci si cht\u011bj\u00ed \u010di mohou zapnout kameru. Chyb\u00ed tak jak\u00e1koliv zp\u011btn\u00e1 vazba. Kolikr\u00e1t si tak u\u010ditel nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jist, \u017ee ho ka\u017ed\u00fd \u017e\u00e1k sly\u0161\u00ed, nato\u017e ch\u00e1pe, kdy\u017e je ani nem\u00e1 mo\u017enost vid\u011bt. Jak v takov\u00e9 situaci efektivn\u011b u\u010dit? Pocity frustrace a bezmoci jsou tak p\u0159irozenou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. V t\u00e9to situaci je to ov\u0161em reakce naprosto p\u0159irozen\u00e1 a pochopiteln\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U\u010ditel\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm se zorientovat v nep\u0159ebern\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed informac\u00ed, diskuze ohledn\u011b p\u0159ehlcen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f mno\u017estv\u00edm u\u010diva jsou na denn\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1dku a dnes se vrac\u00ed s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed silou p\u0159i diskuzi ohledn\u011b distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduky. O to v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed roli hraje rozum a kritick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed p\u0159i ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed dne\u0161n\u00ed situace, kdy n\u00e1s media bombarduj\u00ed rekordn\u00edmi \u010d\u00edsly naka\u017een\u00fdch a k tomu se ve ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m prostoru \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed dezinformac\u00ed. Ukazuje se, jak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv m\u00e1 medi\u00e1ln\u00ed gramotnost a pr\u00e1ce s informacemi, a tak se je\u0161t\u011b zvy\u0161uje tlak na u\u010ditele, kte\u0159\u00ed by m\u011bli tyto dovednosti v \u017e\u00e1c\u00edch rozv\u00edjet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201cZastavit se, vydechnout, pochv\u00e1lit se, vn\u00edmat a p\u0159ij\u00edmat svoje pocity s respektem a rozumem. Neb\u00e1t se \u0159\u00edct si o pomoc druh\u00fdm a z\u00e1rove\u0148 lidi kolem sebe podpo\u0159it.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\u017d\u00e1ci prvn\u00edch a druh\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol se vr\u00e1t\u00ed do lavic ve st\u0159edu 18. listopadu a speci\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly pro handicapovan\u00e9 se otev\u0159ou pro v\u0161echny ro\u010dn\u00edky. \u017d\u00e1ci na z\u00e1kladn\u00edch a st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch budou moct doch\u00e1zet na individu\u00e1ln\u00ed konzultace. Jinak ale bude pokra\u010dovat povinn\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed distan\u010dn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem. Resilience \u2013 du\u0161evn\u00ed odolnost se tak st\u00e1v\u00e1 zcela z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vlastnost\u00ed, na kterou bychom nem\u011bli zapom\u00ednat b\u011bhem ka\u017edodenn\u00ed rutiny. Zastavit se, vydechnout, pochv\u00e1lit se, vn\u00edmat a p\u0159ij\u00edmat svoje pocity s respektem a rozumem. Neb\u00e1t se \u0159\u00edct si o pomoc druh\u00fdm a z\u00e1rove\u0148 lidi kolem sebe podpo\u0159it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
U\u010ditele tak ka\u017ed\u00fd rodi\u010d m\u016f\u017ee podpo\u0159it trochou pochopen\u00ed. Ob\u010das se uk\u00e1zat p\u0159i on-line v\u00fduce, ocenit, \u017ee i za t\u011bchto podm\u00ednek u\u010ditel d\u00e1le u\u010d\u00ed, pom\u00e1h\u00e1 d\u011btem se zorientovat v tom, co se d\u011bje a z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 s nimi v kontaktu. Anebo jen vysv\u011btlit d\u011btem, \u017ee i ta zapnut\u00e1 kamera m\u00e1 sv\u016fj v\u00fdznam. Na du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed se \u010dasto zapom\u00edn\u00e1, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zr\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159i kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch i dlouhodob\u00fdch kriz\u00edch, nezapom\u00ednejme proto na na\u0161e du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed ani na du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed u\u010ditel\u016f. Dal\u0161\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed, jak ho podporovat lze naj\u00edt t\u0159eba v mobiln\u00ed aplikaci Koronavirus COVID-19, kter\u00e1 tak\u00e9 obsahuje d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u00e9 informace ohledn\u011b sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Auto\u0159i: <\/p>\n\n\n\n
- Pavel Kl\u00edma, speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagog, analytik Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho inova\u010dn\u00edho institutu<\/strong><\/li>
- Jan Hurych, student psychologie, analytik Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho inova\u010dn\u00edho institutu<\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
Koment\u00e1\u0159 ve zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 verzi vy\u0161el 13. listopadu v P\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edku Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch novin<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Rou\u0161ky + Ruce + Rozestupy = 3R. Rovnice vystihuj\u00edc\u00ed om\u00edlan\u00e9 hygienick\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00ed pro ochranu p\u0159ed n\u00e1kazou covidem sice sni\u017euje riziko onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159esto nesta\u010d\u00ed na psychick\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky t\u00e9to celospole\u010densk\u00e9 krize. Hygiena […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":791,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[3,4],"class_list":["post-789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-distancni-vyuka","tag-reditel","tag-ucitel"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/789","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=789"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/789\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":895,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/789\/revisions\/895"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/791"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=789"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}