{"id":7332,"date":"2022-08-31T22:00:21","date_gmt":"2022-08-31T20:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.prahaskolska.eu\/?p=7109"},"modified":"2022-08-31T22:00:21","modified_gmt":"2022-08-31T20:00:21","slug":"jake-jsou-dopady-na-svetovou-ekonomiku-zpusobene-extremnimi-meteorologickymi-jevy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=7332","title":{"rendered":"Jak\u00e9 jsou dopady na sv\u011btovou ekonomiku zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi meteorologick\u00fdmi jevy?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 teplota je dlouhodob\u00fdm rysem m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edch se klimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, av\u0161ak extr\u00e9mn\u00ed a nest\u00e1l\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed jevy, jako jsou m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 \u00fahrny, intenzivn\u00ed povodn\u011b, vlny veder a sucha, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e1 makroekonomick\u00e1 rizika.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V posledn\u00edch dvou desetilet\u00edch byly hlavn\u00edmi extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi pov\u011btrnostn\u00edmi jevy povodn\u011b, d\u00e1le tak\u00e9 cyklony, nesez\u00f3nn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eky a vlny veder. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b Indie je mimo jin\u00e9 sv\u011bdkem zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed hladiny mo\u0159\u00ed a t\u00e1n\u00ed ledovc\u016f, co\u017e lze p\u0159i\u010d\u00edst glob\u00e1ln\u00edmu oteplov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pracovn\u00ed dokument Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho m\u011bnov\u00e9ho fondu vydan\u00fd v roce 2018 zjistil, \u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed teploty m\u00e1 nerovnom\u011brn\u00e9 makroekonomick\u00e9 dopady, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 d\u016fsledky se soust\u0159ed\u00ed na zem\u011b s hork\u00fdm podneb\u00edm, jako je v\u011bt\u0161ina zem\u00ed s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy. V t\u011bchto zem\u00edch sni\u017euje zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed teploty kr\u00e1tkodob\u011b i st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u011b produkci na obyvatele, a to celou \u0159adou zp\u016fsob\u016f, jako je sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 produkce, potla\u010den\u00ed produktivity pracovn\u00edk\u016f vystaven\u00fdch horku, pomalej\u0161\u00ed investice a hor\u0161\u00ed zdravotn\u00ed stav. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modelov\u00e9 simulace nazna\u010dily, \u017ee p\u0159i nezm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9m sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i zm\u011bny klimatu a za velmi konzervativn\u00edch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f by p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst teploty znamenal pro reprezentativn\u00ed zemi s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy ztr\u00e1tu p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b dev\u011bt procent produkce do roku 2100. Negativn\u00ed dopad se projevuje i v celkov\u00e9m obchodu. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed teploty zp\u016fsobuje n\u00e1r\u016fst popt\u00e1vky po elekt\u0159in\u011b, proto\u017ee po\u017eadavky na klimatiza\u010dn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, chladi\u010de a chladni\u010dky maj\u00ed tendenci stoupat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ke \u0161kod\u00e1m zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm extr\u00e9mn\u00edmi pov\u011btrnostn\u00edmi jevy m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt b\u011bhem nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti nebo bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po n\u00ed. \u0160kody se obvykle m\u011b\u0159\u00ed ve fyzick\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch nebo v celkov\u00fdch n\u00e1kladech na tyto fyzick\u00e9 jednotky (tr\u017en\u00ed cena nebo n\u00e1klady na jejich rekonstrukci vyn\u00e1soben\u00e9 po\u010dtem po\u0161kozen\u00fdch jednotek). N\u011bkdy je v\u0161ak \u0161koda obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bji m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e1 (nap\u0159\u00edklad zni\u010den\u00ed kulturn\u00edch statk\u016f a d\u011bdictv\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed). Ty v\u0161echny se po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed do z\u00e1sob aktiv. P\u0159i t\u011bchto ud\u00e1lostech m\u016f\u017ee doch\u00e1zet nap\u0159\u00edklad k poklesu p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f firem v d\u016fsledku p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed \u010dinnosti nebo ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f jednotlivc\u016f, k p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed dopravn\u00edch s\u00edt\u00ed nebo zastaven\u00ed toku vstup\u016f v dodavatelsk\u00fdch \u0159et\u011bzc\u00edch, d\u00e1le ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m cen a sm\u011bnn\u00fdch kurz\u016f, zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho dluhu, negativn\u00edch dopad\u016f na akciov\u00e9 trhy a poklesu HDP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autor\/ka fotografie: Pixabay: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/cs-cz\/foto\/zeme-vesmir-kolo-svet-87651\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 teplota je dlouhodob\u00fdm rysem m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edch se klimatick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, av\u0161ak extr\u00e9mn\u00ed a nest\u00e1l\u00e9 pov\u011btrnostn\u00ed jevy, jako jsou m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 \u00fahrny, intenzivn\u00ed povodn\u011b, vlny veder [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":7219,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49,60],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-7332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekologie","category-zivotni-prostredi","tag-rodic-zak"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":1,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7332","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7332"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7332\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/menu-items\/7219"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}