{"id":7116,"date":"2022-08-24T21:37:40","date_gmt":"2022-08-24T19:37:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=7116"},"modified":"2022-08-24T21:37:42","modified_gmt":"2022-08-24T19:37:42","slug":"dvacet-let-od-nejhorsich-povodni-v-modernich-dejinach-ceska-jak-tehdejsi-situace-vypadala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=7116","title":{"rendered":"Dvacet let od nejhor\u0161\u00edch povodn\u00ed v modern\u00edch d\u011bjin\u00e1ch \u010ceska. Jak tehdej\u0161\u00ed situace vypadala?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Povodn\u011b v srpnu roku 2002 se do d\u011bjin zapsaly jako jedna z nejhor\u0161\u00edch katastrof v historii na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b. Mezi nejh\u016f\u0159e posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti pat\u0159ilo \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b povod\u00ed Vltavy a doln\u00edho toku Labe. Povode\u0148 se v\u0161ak nevyhnula ani Morav\u011b. Jednalo se o nejhor\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1plavy od Velk\u00e9 povodn\u011b z roku 1845.<\/strong><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny katastrofy<\/strong><br>Na po\u010d\u00e1tku srpna 2002 ovliv\u0148ovala po\u010das\u00ed v \u010cech\u00e1ch tlakov\u00e1 n\u00ed\u017ee, kter\u00e1 se velmi pomalu posouvala sm\u011brem k v\u00fdchodu. Vydatn\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017eky, kter\u00e9 s sebou p\u0159inesla, postupn\u011b mezi 6. a\u017e 9. srpnem naplnily v\u011bt\u0161inu \u0159ek v oblasti ji\u017en\u00edch a z\u00e1padn\u00edch \u010cech. V oblasti \u010ceskokrumlovska a Novohradsk\u00fdch hor dosahoval objem sr\u00e1\u017eek 130 a\u017e 200 litr\u016f vody na metr \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00ed. Dev\u00e1t\u00e9ho srpna za\u010daly sr\u00e1\u017eky ust\u00e1vat a situace se pomalu uklid\u0148ovala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Druh\u00e1 vlna sr\u00e1\u017eek v\u0161ak do \u010cech dorazila jen o n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed pozd\u011bji mezi 11. a 12. srpnem. P\u016fda ji\u017e byla nas\u00e1kl\u00e1 vodou z p\u0159edchoz\u00edch de\u0161\u0165\u016f a nest\u00edhala tak vst\u0159eb\u00e1vat velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vody. Napln\u011bn\u00ed \u0159ek tak mezi 12. a 18. srpnem 2002 zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee se voda vylila z b\u0159eh\u016f a nastala p\u011btisetlet\u00e1 a\u017e tis\u00edcilet\u00e1 povode\u0148.<br>Zat\u00edmco prvn\u00ed vlnu sr\u00e1\u017eek dok\u00e1zal na Vltav\u011b zachytit syst\u00e9m p\u0159ehrad zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Vltavsk\u00e1 kask\u00e1da, na druhou vlnu p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f ji\u017e nesta\u010dil. Pod vodou se tak ocitlo mnoho \u010desk\u00fdch i n\u011bmeck\u00fdch m\u011bst.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pr\u016fb\u011bh povodn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dvan\u00e1ct\u00e9ho srpna 2002 vyhl\u00e1sili tehdej\u0161\u00ed hejtman Jiho\u010desk\u00e9ho kraje Jan Zahradn\u00edk a hejtman St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00e9ho kraje Petr Bendl stav nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Pozd\u011bji byl premi\u00e9rem Vladim\u00edrem \u0160pidlou vyhl\u00e1\u0161en stav nouze pro Prahu, St\u0159edo\u010desk\u00fd, Jiho\u010desk\u00fd, Plze\u0148sk\u00fd a Karlovarsk\u00fd kraj. Ve stejn\u00fd den za\u010dala tak\u00e9 evakuace oblast\u00ed, kter\u00e9 velk\u00e1 voda ohro\u017eovala. Z \u010desk\u00fdch m\u011bst byla velk\u00e1 voda nejhor\u0161\u00ed v Praze, Beroun\u011b, P\u00edsku, Su\u0161ici, Strakonic\u00edch, \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch, Plzni, Klatovech a \u010cesk\u00e9m Krumlov\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den byl stav nouze vyhl\u00e1\u0161en tak\u00e9 pro \u00dasteck\u00fd kraj. Evakuace prob\u00edhala v cel\u00fdch m\u011bstech i obc\u00edch. Ve stejn\u00fd den doch\u00e1zelo k p\u00e1d\u016fm prvn\u00edch most\u016f, v posti\u017een\u00fdch oblastech byly p\u0159eru\u0161eny dod\u00e1vky elekt\u0159iny. V Praze bylo zatopeno dostihov\u00e9 z\u00e1vodi\u0161t\u011b Velk\u00e1 Chuchle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14. srpna do\u0161lo k zatopen\u00ed \u00fazem\u00ed Karl\u00edna a Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho metra. Ve 12 hodin dosahovala v\u00fd\u0161ka hladiny Vltavy v Praze 782 cm. V tento den st\u00e1le pr\u0161elo hlavn\u011b v horsk\u00fdch oblastech na severu \u010cech a povodn\u011b hl\u00e1sily i obce na \u0159ece Jize\u0159e. O den pozd\u011bji, 15. srpna 2002, byl zcela zatopen are\u00e1l chemi\u010dky Spolana Neratovice, ve kter\u00e9 kv\u016fli povodni do\u0161lo k \u00faniku p\u0159es 80 tun chl\u00f3ru. Kolem soutoku Labe s Vltavou a v severn\u00edch \u010cech\u00e1ch se voda rozl\u00e9vala do okoln\u00edch vesnic. V \u00dasteck\u00e9m kraji do\u0161lo k uzav\u0159en\u00ed v\u0161ech most\u016f p\u0159es Labe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16. srpna byly st\u00e1le p\u0159eru\u0161eny dod\u00e1vky proudu v oblasti \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic. Na Litom\u011b\u0159icku byla velk\u00e1 voda rozlita a\u017e do \u0161\u00ed\u0159e 10 kilometr\u016f. Zatopeno bylo kup\u0159. cel\u00e9 historick\u00e9 m\u011bsto Terez\u00edn. Voda v \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem a v D\u011b\u010d\u00edn\u011b ji\u017e kulminovala a povode\u0148 se tak za\u010dala p\u0159esouvat do N\u011bmecka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozloha zatopen\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed \u010dinila 17 000 kilometr\u016f \u010dtvere\u010dn\u00edch. Katastrofa si vy\u017e\u00e1dala 17 lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f. Evakuov\u00e1no bylo a\u017e 225 tis\u00edc lid\u00ed a povodn\u011b se dotkly 986 obc\u00ed, 260 most\u016f, 30 \u00fasek\u016f silnic I. t\u0159\u00eddy a v\u00edce ne\u017e 150 silnic ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch t\u0159\u00edd. \u0160kody zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 povodn\u00ed byly vy\u010d\u00edsleny na 73,3 mld. K\u010d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V Praze do\u0161lo k velk\u00fdm \u0161kod\u00e1m v s\u00edti metra. Pod vodou se ocitlo t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 20 stanic v\u010detn\u011b dvou vlakov\u00fdch souprav. V Karl\u00edn\u011b kv\u016fli vod\u011b spadlo tak\u00e9 n\u011bkolik budov. \u0160kody ve m\u011bst\u011b \u010dinily asi 16 miliard korun a evakuov\u00e1no bylo okolo 50 tis\u00edc obyvatel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve m\u011bst\u011b bylo v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch letech vybudov\u00e1no na 20 kilometr\u016f protipovod\u0148ov\u00fdch z\u00e1bran \u010di vrata na \u010certovce, kter\u00e1 se daj\u00ed v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b velk\u00e9 vody uzav\u0159\u00edt. V Libni na \u0159\u00ed\u010dce Rokytce vznikla \u010derpac\u00ed stanice \u010di protipovod\u0148ov\u00e9 uz\u00e1v\u011bry jej\u00edch p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z pam\u00e1tek bylo vedle Prahy nejv\u00edce po\u0161kozeno centrum \u010cesk\u00e9ho Krumlova, P\u00edsku a \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic. Povodn\u011b postihly tak\u00e9 mnoho z\u00e1mk\u016f \u010di galeri\u00ed, mezi kter\u00e9 pat\u0159\u00ed kup\u0159. N\u00e1rodn\u00ed galerie, N\u00e1rodn\u00ed muzeum, Muzeum Kampa, Jiho\u010desk\u00e9 muzeum \u010di Pam\u00e1tn\u00edk Terez\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ztr\u00e1ty na \u017eivotech se zdaleka net\u00fdkaly pouze lid\u00ed. Nap\u0159. v Zoo Praha p\u0159i\u0161lo o \u017eivot a\u017e 134 zv\u00ed\u0159at. Jedn\u00edm ze symbol\u016f povodn\u00ed se stal lachtan Gaston, kter\u00e9ho z pra\u017esk\u00e9 zoo odnesla velk\u00e1 voda a poda\u0159ilo se mu dostat a\u017e do N\u011bmecka, kde po odchycen\u00ed vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00edm uhynul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V reakci na povodn\u011b byly vypracov\u00e1ny povod\u0148ov\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny, jejich\u017e \u00fa\u010delem byla realizace protipovod\u0148ov\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d \u010ceskou republikou. Od roku 2002 byla st\u00e1tn\u00edm podnikem Povod\u00ed Vltavy budov\u00e1na protipovod\u0148ov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, jen\u017e si vy\u017e\u00e1dala investici kolem 4,9 miliardy korun. Protipovod\u0148ov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed byla budov\u00e1na hlavn\u011b v Praze, \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch \u010di Plzni, ale tak\u00e9 v men\u0161\u00edch m\u011bstech a na vodn\u00edch d\u00edlech. Realizace se do\u010dkaly tak\u00e9 tzv. such\u00e9 poldry, kter\u00e9 pln\u00ed funkci n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00ed p\u0159i nadm\u011brn\u00e9m pr\u016ftoku vody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autor\/ka fotografie: Irina Iriser: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/cs-cz\/foto\/ryma-voda-leto-kameny-1390183\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Povodn\u011b v srpnu roku 2002 se do d\u011bjin zapsaly jako jedna z nejhor\u0161\u00edch katastrof v historii na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b. Mezi nejh\u016f\u0159e posti\u017een\u00e9 oblasti pat\u0159ilo \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b povod\u00ed Vltavy a doln\u00edho [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":7117,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[51,46],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-7116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spolecnost","category-studentske-zpravodajstvi","tag-rodic-zak"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7116"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7118,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7116\/revisions\/7118"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}