{"id":7048,"date":"2022-08-29T19:36:39","date_gmt":"2022-08-29T17:36:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=7048"},"modified":"2022-08-29T19:36:40","modified_gmt":"2022-08-29T17:36:40","slug":"vysoka-dostupnost-mobilniho-bankovnictvi-by-mohla-zvysit-zivotni-uroven-stamilionu-africanu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=7048","title":{"rendered":"Vysok\u00e1 dostupnost mobiln\u00edho bankovnictv\u00ed by mohla zv\u00fd\u0161it \u017eivotn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 stamilion\u016f Afri\u010dan\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Jay Rosengard, odborn\u00fd asistent pro ve\u0159ejnou politiku na Harvard Kennedy School, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zahrnut\u00ed Afri\u010dan\u016f do finan\u010dn\u00edho sektoru je kl\u00ed\u010dem pro spravedliv\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd rozvoj. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201ePoskytov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto slu\u017eeb prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f se uk\u00e1zalo jako velmi slibn\u00e9 p\u0159i p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed geografick\u00fdch, demografick\u00fdch a institucion\u00e1ln\u00edch omezen\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edho za\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v Africe, v \u010dele s revoluc\u00ed mobiln\u00edho bankovnictv\u00ed v Keni,\" uv\u00e1d\u00ed Rosengard. Jeho nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum ukazuje, \u017ee d\u00edky mobiln\u00edmu bankovnictv\u00ed se pod\u00edl Ke\u0148an\u016f s p\u0159\u00edstupem k finan\u010dn\u00edmu \u00fa\u010dtu zv\u00fd\u0161il ze 42 % v roce 2011 na 75 % v roce 2014. Mezi nejchud\u0161\u00edmi ob\u010dany do\u0161lo k prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu finan\u010dn\u00edho za\u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed, a to z 21 % lid\u00ed s finan\u010dn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dtem v roce 2011 na 63 % v roce 2014, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje n\u00e1r\u016fst o v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 procent za pouh\u00e9 t\u0159i kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 roky. Pod\u00edl lid\u00ed s p\u0159\u00edstupem k finan\u010dn\u00edmu \u00fa\u010dtu je v Keni v\u00edce ne\u017e dvojn\u00e1sobn\u00fd ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi zem\u011bmi subsaharsk\u00e9 Afriky a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 trojn\u00e1sobn\u00fd oproti b\u011b\u017en\u00e9mu pod\u00edlu v zem\u00edch s n\u00edzk\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edjmy na cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eKouzlo mobiln\u00edho bankovnictv\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jeho jednoduchosti a n\u00edzk\u00fdch n\u00e1kladech,\" tvrd\u00ed ve sv\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu. \u201eV\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebujete, abyste mohli za\u010d\u00edt, je sta\u0159i\u010dk\u00fd tla\u010d\u00edtkov\u00fd telefon, kter\u00fd je k dispozici za m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 10 dolar\u016f, a bankovn\u00ed SIM karta. Pak m\u016f\u017eete pos\u00edlat a p\u0159ij\u00edmat pen\u00edze prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm textov\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v, nen\u00ed k tomu pot\u0159eba \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd chytr\u00fd telefon ani speci\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edci se na tuto slu\u017ebu spol\u00e9haj\u00ed hlavn\u011b p\u0159i platb\u00e1ch person-to-person (P2P), ale st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji ji vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k placen\u00ed obchodn\u00edk\u016fm, komun\u00e1ln\u00edm slu\u017eb\u00e1m a dal\u0161\u00edm podnik\u016fm.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Africk\u00e1 dce\u0159in\u00e1 spole\u010dnost Vodafonu Safaricom si uv\u011bdomila, \u017ee syst\u00e9m mobiln\u00edch plateb p\u0159edstavuje obrovskou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pro toho, kdo dok\u00e1\u017ee vytvo\u0159it funk\u010dn\u00ed legitimn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, a vytvo\u0159ila M-Pesa. Tato s\u00ed\u0165, kter\u00e1 za\u010dala v Keni, dos\u00e1hla v prvn\u00edm roce 1,2 milionu z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f a nyn\u00ed jich v subsaharsk\u00e9 Africe obsluhuje 30 milion\u016f. Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee slu\u017eba je neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00ed nejen mezi u\u017eivateli airtime bank, ale i mezi b\u011b\u017enou populac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 nem\u011bla bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det a tud\u00ed\u017e nem\u011bla mo\u017enost p\u0159ev\u00e1d\u011bt majetek. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V subsaharsk\u00e9 Africe ji\u017e dnes 400 milion\u016f spot\u0159ebitel\u016f vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 mobiln\u00ed platebn\u00ed bankovn\u00ed syst\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt transakce p\u0159es telefon v hodnot\u011b 300 miliard dolar\u016f, co\u017e z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016fm p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed poplatky za mobiln\u00ed bankovnictv\u00ed ve v\u00fd\u0161i 200 miliard dolar\u016f. Do roku 2025 by trh mobiln\u00edch plateb mohl dos\u00e1hnout 650 a\u017e 750 milion\u016f z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f. Pokud by se tak stalo, p\u0159\u00edjmy z mobiln\u00edch plateb, kter\u00e9 se v pr\u016fm\u011bru pohybuj\u00ed kolem 1,1 % celkov\u00e9ho objemu transakc\u00ed, by vzrostly z dne\u0161n\u00edch 3,5 miliardy USD na 14 a\u017e 20 miliard USD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Autor\/ka fotografie: Andrea Piacquadio: https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/cs-cz\/foto\/muz-stastny-usmivani-bankomat-3799220\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jay Rosengard, odborn\u00fd asistent pro ve\u0159ejnou politiku na Harvard Kennedy School, tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zahrnut\u00ed Afri\u010dan\u016f do finan\u010dn\u00edho sektoru je kl\u00ed\u010dem pro spravedliv\u00fd ekonomick\u00fd rozvoj. \u201ePoskytov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto slu\u017eeb prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mobiln\u00edch telefon\u016f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":7170,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-7048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technologie","tag-rodic-zak"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7048"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7048\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7171,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7048\/revisions\/7171"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}