{"id":7007,"date":"2022-07-29T21:17:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-29T19:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=7007"},"modified":"2022-08-09T21:23:50","modified_gmt":"2022-08-09T19:23:50","slug":"rwanda-nejprogresivnejsi-zeme-africkeho-kontinentu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=7007","title":{"rendered":"Rwanda - nejprogresivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b africk\u00e9ho kontinentu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>V\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dtvrtstolet\u00ed od genocidy, jen\u017e si vy\u017e\u00e1dala a\u017e milion \u017eivot\u016f, je Rwanda jedn\u00edm z nejinovativn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f v Africe. Vzorem je pro zemi Singapur a zm\u011bn se sna\u017e\u00ed doc\u00edlit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed \u010di m\u00edstn\u00edch odborn\u00edk\u016f. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u011bcech m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt africk\u00e1 zem\u011b dokonce nap\u0159ed p\u0159ed \u010ceskou republikou. Ve rwandsk\u00e9m parlamentu toti\u017e zased\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina \u017een a genderov\u00e1 rovnost je dokonce jedn\u00edm z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch t\u00e9mat tamn\u00ed vl\u00e1dy. Co se t\u00fd\u010de korupce, organizace Transparency International vyhodnotila v roce 2013 Rwandu jako nejm\u00e9n\u011b zkorumpovan\u00fd st\u00e1t v Africe.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z mnoha africk\u00fdch zem\u00ed je zn\u00e1m obraz tamn\u00edch m\u011bst, kter\u00e1 jsou v\u011bt\u0161inou poseta mno\u017estv\u00edm plastov\u00e9ho odpadu, jeho\u017e nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st tvo\u0159\u00ed plastov\u00e9 s\u00e1\u010dky. Ve Rwand\u011b byste je v\u0161ak \u010dekali marn\u011b, nebo\u0165 vl\u00e1da jejich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ji\u017e p\u0159ed lety zak\u00e1zala. Pap\u00edrov\u00e9 ta\u0161ky jsou tam na denn\u00edm po\u0159\u00e1dku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem Rwandy je Kigali, kter\u00e9 je tamn\u00ed vl\u00e1dou pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nej\u010dist\u0161\u00ed africkou metropoli. Infrastrukturu m\u011bsta tvo\u0159\u00ed modern\u00ed asfaltov\u00e9 silnice spojuj\u00edc\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dtvrti. Dokonce zde najdete semafory \u010di dopravn\u00ed zna\u010den\u00ed. Ano, pro n\u00e1s samoz\u0159ejmost, ov\u0161em v ostatn\u00edch zem\u00edch regionu sp\u00ed\u0161e rarita.<br>V n\u011b\u010dem m\u016f\u017ee tato africk\u00e1 zem\u011b inspirovat i vysp\u011bl\u00e9 st\u00e1ty. Ka\u017edou posledn\u00ed sobotu v m\u011bs\u00edci se ve Rwand\u011b kon\u00e1 tzv. \u201cUmuganda\u201d, neboli den, kdy mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd Rwan\u010fan alespo\u0148 t\u0159i hodiny pom\u00e1hat sv\u00e9 komunit\u011b. D\u00edky tomuto prost\u0159edku se v zemi poda\u0159ilo znovu vybudovat po\u0161kozen\u00e1 zdravotnick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji\u017e v roce 2007 se m\u00edstn\u00ed vl\u00e1da rozhodla pro rozs\u00e1hlou modernizaci \u0161kolstv\u00ed a dala si za c\u00edl po\u0159\u00eddit ka\u017ed\u00e9mu studuj\u00edc\u00edmu d\u00edt\u011bti levn\u00fd laptop. V roce 2008 museli u\u010ditel\u00e9 p\u0159ej\u00edt z do t\u00e9 doby b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 francouz\u0161tiny na v\u00fduku v angli\u010dtin\u011b, za \u010d\u00edm\u017e byla snaha o odpout\u00e1n\u00ed se od francouzsk\u00e9ho koloni\u00e1ln\u00edho vlivu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co se t\u00fd\u010de technologi\u00ed, ani v t\u00e9to oblasti Rwanda rozhodn\u011b nen\u00ed pozadu. Techniku pova\u017euje vl\u00e1da za kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd aspekt na cest\u011b k modernizaci zem\u011b. A\u017e 80 procent obyvatel zem\u011b vlastn\u00ed mobiln\u00ed telefon. Internetov\u00e9 kabely vedou dokonce i do odlehl\u00fdch horsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed. Na druhou stranu, k elekt\u0159in\u011b je p\u0159ipojena pouze \u010d\u00e1st dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed. Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f je kopcovit\u00fd charakter rwandsk\u00e9ho ter\u00e9nu, jen\u017e roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed elekt\u0159iny komplikuje. Ne nadarmo se Rwand\u011b p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1 \u201czem\u011b tis\u00edc\u016f kopc\u016f\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuje v\u0161ak \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 Rwand\u011b pomoci z\u00edsk\u00e1vat elekt\u0159inu z jezera Kivu, jen\u017e se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na hranic\u00edch se sousedn\u00edm Kongem. Zem\u011b nedisponuje \u017e\u00e1dnou jadernou elektr\u00e1rnou a jedin\u00fdm zdrojem energie byla je\u0161t\u011b doned\u00e1vna fosiln\u00ed paliva. V jeze\u0159e Kivu se nach\u00e1z\u00ed metan, jen\u017e se d\u00edky spalov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bn\u00ed na energii. Jezeru se p\u0159ezd\u00edv\u00e1 tak\u00e9 \u201cjezero smrti\u201d, nebo\u0165 metan se zde uvol\u0148uje v pravideln\u00fdch intervalech, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u0161e \u017eiv\u00e9 na b\u0159ez\u00edch jezera zahub\u00ed. Oblast se v\u0161ak d\u00edky inovativn\u00edm technologi\u00edm stala v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm zdrojem pro z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed energie. Jedn\u00e1 se o energii budoucnosti, jen\u017e dopravuje elekt\u0159inu tam, kde dosud chyb\u011bla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jednou z oblast\u00ed, ve kter\u00fdch se modern\u00ed technologie nejv\u00edce uplat\u0148uj\u00ed, je zdravotnictv\u00ed. A to zp\u016fsoby, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s mohou p\u0159ekvapit. D\u00edky smlouv\u011b mezi rwandskou vl\u00e1dou a americk\u00fdm start-upem Ziplain doch\u00e1z\u00ed k dopravov\u00e1n\u00ed krve do odlehl\u00fdch oblast\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dron\u016f. Ty rozvezou ka\u017ed\u00fd den 20 a\u017e 30 balen\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o velikou inovaci, nebo\u0165 zem\u011b nedisponuje dostate\u010dnou s\u00edt\u00ed silnic a drony slou\u017e\u00ed jako skv\u011bl\u00fd pomocn\u00edk pro p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tamn\u00edho slo\u017eit\u00e9ho ter\u00e9nu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rwanda m\u00e1 asi 13 milion\u016f obyvatel, na kter\u00e9 v\u0161ak p\u0159ipad\u00e1 pouze 1 350 l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu byla ji\u017e v roce 2016 v zemi za podpory Nadace Billa a Melindy Gatesov\u00fdch spu\u0161t\u011bna pilotn\u00ed verze aplikace, jen\u017e m\u00e1 sv\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm poskytovat mo\u017enost l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch konzultac\u00ed po telefonu. V b\u0159eznu 2020 do\u0161lo mezi rwandskou vl\u00e1dou a britskou spole\u010dnost\u00ed Babylon Health k uzav\u0159en\u00ed desetilet\u00e9ho kontraktu na poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed videokonzultac\u00ed po telefonu s vybran\u00fdmi l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u010di sestrami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b t\u011bchto mo\u017enost\u00ed si budou obyvatel\u00e9 Rwandy tak\u00e9 moci objedn\u00e1vat laboratorn\u00ed testy prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm zasl\u00e1n\u00ed SMS. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm SMS se budou tak\u00e9 vyd\u00e1vat kup\u0159. p\u0159edpisy na l\u00e9ky.<br>Jako jeden z prost\u0159edk\u016f umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00fd rozvoj zem\u011b je ve Rwand\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1no podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. Byznys je mo\u017en\u00e9 si ve Rwand\u011b zalo\u017eit za \u0161est hodin, co\u017e je mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu oproti v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b africk\u00e9ho kontinentu. Vl\u00e1da se prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm podnik\u00e1n\u00ed sna\u017e\u00ed u\u010dinit Rwandu zem\u00ed se st\u0159edn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjmem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rwanda tak d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu rozvoji m\u016f\u017ee poslou\u017eit jako vzor pro dal\u0161\u00ed africk\u00e9 zem\u011b, jen\u017e se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed se zaostalou infrastrukturou a neuspokojivou ekonomickou situac\u00ed. Rwanda je tak\u00e9 nad\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee africk\u00fd kontinent m\u00e1 budoucnost a tamn\u00ed ekonomick\u00e1 \u010di soci\u00e1ln\u00ed situace se v budoucnu zlep\u0161\u00ed. Pomoci tomu m\u016f\u017ee i \u010cesk\u00e1 republika, kter\u00e1 ned\u00e1vno s Rwandou uzav\u0159ela bilater\u00e1ln\u00ed smlouvu zamezuj\u00edc\u00ed dvoj\u00edmu zdan\u011bn\u00ed ve vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9m obchodu. Smlouva otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e \u010desk\u00fdm podnikatel\u016fm. Mezi potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed oblasti spolupr\u00e1ce pat\u0159\u00ed podle Ministerstva financ\u00ed kup\u0159. d\u016fln\u00ed pr\u016fmysl, geologie, zdravotnictv\u00ed, nanotechnologie \u010di ekologie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00edce ne\u017e \u010dtvrtstolet\u00ed od genocidy, jen\u017e si vy\u017e\u00e1dala a\u017e milion \u017eivot\u016f, je Rwanda jedn\u00edm z nejinovativn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1t\u016f v Africe. Vzorem je pro zemi Singapur a zm\u011bn se sna\u017e\u00ed doc\u00edlit prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":6914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[61,53,46],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-7007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekologicke-problemy","category-inspirace","category-studentske-zpravodajstvi","tag-rodic-zak"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/24"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7007"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7008,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7007\/revisions\/7008"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}