{"id":6458,"date":"2022-05-23T11:40:28","date_gmt":"2022-05-23T09:40:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=6458"},"modified":"2022-05-23T11:40:30","modified_gmt":"2022-05-23T09:40:30","slug":"euractiv-cesko-zaostava-v-kvalite-vysokych-skol-i-poctu-jejich-studentu-paky-statu-jsou-omezene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=6458","title":{"rendered":"EURACTIV: \u010cesko zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 v kvalit\u011b vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol i po\u010dtu jejich student\u016f. P\u00e1ky st\u00e1tu jsou omezen\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cesku na tom nen\u00ed v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi evropsk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi pr\u00e1v\u011b nejl\u00e9pe. Mezi d\u016fvody, pro\u010d mlad\u00ed na vysokou nejdou, pat\u0159\u00ed i nedostatek motivace a \u010dasov\u00e1 n\u00e1ro\u010dnost studia. V \u010desk\u00e9 nab\u00eddce toti\u017e chyb\u00ed prakti\u010dt\u011bji zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 obory.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 republika mus\u00ed d\u00e1vat pozor na to, aby j\u00ed neujel evropsk\u00fd vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fd parn\u00edk. Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum Indexu prosperity \u010ceska<\/a><\/strong> toti\u017e pouk\u00e1zal na to, \u017ee tuzemsk\u00fd syst\u00e9m v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s dal\u0161\u00edmi st\u00e1ty EU zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 \u2013 \u010cR m\u00e1 nedostatek kvalitn\u00edch vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol, je\u0161t\u011b h\u016f\u0159e si vede v pod\u00edlu mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed s vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eV populaci ve v\u011bku 25\u201334 let vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm disponuje pouze 33 % obyvatel, co\u017e n\u00e1s \u0159ad\u00ed na p\u00e1tou nejhor\u0161\u00ed pozici v r\u00e1mci EU,\u201d uvedla ekonomick\u00e1 analyti\u010dka \u010cesk\u00e9 spo\u0159itelny Tereza Hrt\u00fasov\u00e1<\/strong> s t\u00edm, \u017ee u \u017een v t\u00e9to v\u011bkov\u00e9 skupin\u011b dokon\u010d\u00ed terci\u00e1rn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed 40 % z nich, u mu\u017e\u016f je to ale jen 26 %.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00edzk\u00fd pod\u00edl vysoko\u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f ur\u010duje jednak historie, kdy \u010cesk\u00e1 republika jako jedna z nejv\u00edce pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch zem\u00ed pot\u0159ebovala pracovn\u00edky p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm do t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1sti ekonomiky, tak efektivita cel\u00e9ho vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eOproti z\u00e1padn\u00edm zem\u00edm je m\u00e1lo flexibiln\u00ed, nebo\u0165 studenti v \u010cesku jsou sm\u011brov\u00e1ni prim\u00e1rn\u011b k dosa\u017een\u00ed magistersk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9. T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zcela pak postr\u00e1d\u00e1me krat\u0161\u00ed vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 tituly, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u00edce prakticky zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 a absolventa l\u00e9pe p\u0159iprav\u00ed na budouc\u00ed profesi,\u201c podotkla Hrt\u00fasov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S t\u011bmito p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinami souhlas\u00ed i p\u0159edseda Studentsk\u00e9 komory Rady vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol Michal Farn\u00edk<\/strong>. \u201ePot\u00fdk\u00e1me se ale s probl\u00e9mem u\u017e na vstupu do terci\u00e1rn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, kde z\u00e1kladn\u00ed a st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly demotivuj\u00ed velk\u00fd po\u010det \u017e\u00e1k\u016f od toho, aby \u0161li vysokou \u0161kolu studovat. Neum\u00edme pracovat s d\u011btmi z n\u00edzkop\u0159\u00edjmov\u00fdch rodin a zbyte\u010dn\u011b pos\u00edl\u00e1me velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f na odborn\u00e1 u\u010dili\u0161t\u011b,\u201c upozornil za studenty Farn\u00edk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odborn\u00edk na vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159editel Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho inova\u010dn\u00edho institutu Bohumil Kartous<\/strong> vid\u00ed sou\u010dasnou situaci podobn\u011b. I kdy\u017e podle n\u011bj \u010cesko inklinuje k proz\u00e1padn\u00edmu a progresivn\u00edmu pojet\u00ed rozvoje vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, v prostupnosti vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu na terci\u00e1rn\u00ed stupe\u0148 selh\u00e1v\u00e1. I on vid\u00ed probl\u00e9m v nab\u00eddce obor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eJe to d\u00e1no do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry strukturou st\u0159edn\u00edho a vysok\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed a neschopnost\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu nab\u00eddnout dostatek prakticky zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch studijn\u00edch program\u016f, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed status excelence, n\u00fdbr\u017e jejich absolventi odch\u00e1zej\u00ed do profesn\u00ed praxe, obohaceni vedle toho o pos\u00edlen\u00e9 kompetence zejm\u00e9na v oblasti jazykov\u00e9 (angli\u010dtina) a informa\u010dn\u00ed gramotnosti,\u201c \u0159ekl Kartous. S\u00e1m m\u00e1 zato, \u017ee je nutn\u00e9 p\u0159im\u011bt \u010desk\u00e9 vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly k tomu, aby v tomto ohledu jednaly v souladu s dynamikou okoln\u00edho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hrt\u00fasov\u00e1 vid\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m \u010desk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu v tom, \u017ee t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 polovina student\u016f sv\u00e9 studium nedokon\u010d\u00ed. \u010cast\u00fdm d\u016fvodem je podle n\u00ed nespokojenost s jeho n\u00e1pln\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Farn\u00edk j\u00ed tentokr\u00e1t oponoval. \u201eNaopak nen\u00ed pravda, \u017ee by polovina nastoupiv\u0161\u00edch student\u016f sv\u00e9 studium nedokon\u010dila. Z dat M\u0160MT vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch student\u016f na vysokou \u0161kolu znovu nastoup\u00ed a je schopn\u00e1 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b dostudovat,\u201c upozornil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nevelebme \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dky, zn\u00ed z ministerstva<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdzkum ukazuje, \u017ee \u010cesko rozhodn\u011b neexceluje ani v \u00farovni kvality vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. V po\u010dtu kvalitn\u00edch vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol na milion obyvatel je \u010cesko a\u017e na 15. m\u00edst\u011b v r\u00e1mci EU.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eKvalitn\u00ed vysok\u00e1 \u0161kola\u201c je p\u0159itom takov\u00e1 \u0161kola, kter\u00e1 v \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku Round University Ranking m\u011bla vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sk\u00f3re ne\u017e 50 bod\u016f. Toto sk\u00f3re se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1v\u00e1 na z\u00e1klad\u011b kvality v\u00fduky, v\u00fdzkumu a jin\u00fdch aspekt\u016f dan\u00e9 univerzity. V \u010cesku se nad tuto hranici dostaly Univerzita Karlova (69 bod\u016f), Masarykova univerzita (54 bod\u016f) a Univerzita Palack\u00e9ho v Olomouci (54 bod\u016f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy (M\u0160MT) m\u00e1 zato, \u017ee absolutn\u00ed po\u0159ad\u00ed vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol v \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch je sice medi\u00e1ln\u011b velmi atraktivn\u00ed, nicm\u00e9n\u011b pro tv\u016frce politiky nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 vyu\u017eiteln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eBez zohledn\u011bn\u00ed specifik n\u00e1rodn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f vysok\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed (a pota\u017emo cel\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed soustavy) nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 na z\u00e1klad\u011b \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dk\u016f \u010dinit odpov\u011bdn\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed. Vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 spektrum \u010dinnost\u00ed \u2013 vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed, v\u011bdeckou, v\u00fdzkumnou, v\u00fdvojovou, inova\u010dn\u00ed nebo um\u011bleckou \u010dinnost. V\u00fdsledky ka\u017ed\u00e9 z t\u011bchto \u010dinnost\u00ed je mo\u017en\u00e9 za ur\u010dit\u00fdch p\u0159edpoklad\u016f zm\u011b\u0159it a srovn\u00e1vat, nicm\u00e9n\u011b jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dinnosti jsou mezi sebou z logiky v\u011bci neporovnateln\u00e9,\u201c upozornila tiskov\u00e1 mluv\u010d\u00ed ministerstva Aneta Lednov\u00e1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak\u00e9 z univerzitn\u00ed p\u016fdy zn\u00ed upozorn\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee hodnocen\u00ed kvality nen\u00ed jednoduch\u00e1 z\u00e1le\u017eitost. \u201eV\u00fdvoj posledn\u00edch dvou let uk\u00e1zal jin\u00fd pohled na vysok\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed a jeho kvalitu, a to s ohledem na parametry, kter\u00e9 se \u010dasto je\u0161t\u011b budeme muset nau\u010dit vyhodnocovat. V\u0161\u00edm\u00e1me si mnohem v\u00edce digitalizace, flexibility vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch nab\u00eddek a forem a v \u0161ir\u0161\u00edm smyslu otev\u0159enosti mo\u017enosti p\u0159\u00edstupu ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c \u0159ekl Pavel Dole\u010dek<\/strong>, prorektor pro strategickou spolupr\u00e1ci a rozvoj Univerzity Karlovy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ministerstvo doplnilo, \u017ee p\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed kvality vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed \u010dinnosti vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol by se m\u011bla zohlednit p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm p\u0159idan\u00e1 hodnota pro studenta. \u201eRelevance vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je v \u010cR vysok\u00e1, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud ji hodnot\u00edme z hlediska uplatnitelnosti na trhu pr\u00e1ce,\u201c uvedla Lednov\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bohumil Kartous o n\u011b\u010dem takov\u00e9m p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00fd nen\u00ed. Pokud chce \u010cesko zlep\u0161it sv\u00e9 postaven\u00ed v evropsk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku, je podle n\u011bj nutn\u00e9 hledat cestu, jak na vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et spole\u010densk\u00e9 po\u017eadavky. \u201eTo je zcela legitimn\u00ed, jsou-li financov\u00e1ny z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f a odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed-li takov\u00e9 po\u017eadavky ve\u0159ejn\u00e9mu z\u00e1jmu. Rigidita vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu je v tomto smyslu d\u00e1na pr\u00e1v\u011b vysokou m\u00edrou nespojitosti spole\u010densk\u00e9ho z\u00e1jmu s t\u00edm, jakou roli univerzity (ne)napl\u0148uj\u00ed,\u201c mysl\u00ed si \u0159editel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ot\u00e1zka je, jestli se d\u00e1 n\u011bco takov\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161it syst\u00e9mov\u011b. Ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 spr\u00e1va m\u00e1 podle Kartouse v tomto ohledu mnohem men\u0161\u00ed p\u00e1ku ne\u017e t\u0159eba ve st\u0159edo\u0161kolsk\u00e9m vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. \u201eSt\u00e1t de facto pouze financuje a m\u011bn\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00ed podm\u00ednky, obsah a sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je na samotn\u00fdch vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch,\u201c upozornil odborn\u00edk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pen\u00edze a\u017e na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Jeden na prvn\u00ed pohled pozitivn\u00ed trend by se v \u010desk\u00e9m (nejen vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9m) vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm syst\u00e9mu naj\u00edt dal \u2013 pen\u00edze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eNen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 pop\u0159\u00edt, \u017ee \u010cR ud\u011blala za posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolik let ur\u010dit\u00fd pokrok v tom, jak zkvalitnit vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 investice z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch zdroj\u016f do vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu jsou toho zjevn\u00fdm d\u016fkazem, do\u0161lo skute\u010dn\u011b k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pod\u00edlu investovan\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stky v\u016f\u010di celkov\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i HDP,\u201c uvedl Kartous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dopady takov\u00e9ho zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed investic ale podle n\u011bj nelze vyhodnotit v tak kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je pr\u00fd velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee dlouhodob\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00fd vnit\u0159n\u00ed dluh ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm syst\u00e9mu \u201eumo\u0159\u00ed\u201c nav\u00fd\u0161enou \u010d\u00e1stku, ani\u017e by do\u0161lo k p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00e9mu zhodnocen\u00ed investic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b do vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9ho sektoru nav\u00edc podle Farn\u00edka p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed pen\u011bz m\u00e1lo. \u201eVysok\u00e9 \u0161koly budou m\u00edt p\u0159i nastaven\u00e9m trendu rozpo\u010dtu probl\u00e9m zvy\u0161ovat v\u00fdukov\u00e9 kapacity tak, aby zachytily demografick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj. Bez v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed investice do vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol nem\u016f\u017eeme o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee by se po\u010det p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00fdch student\u016f razantn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161il,\u201c varoval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alespo\u0148 v jedn\u00e9 kategorii doch\u00e1z\u00ed podle Farn\u00edka v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b zlep\u0161en\u00ed, a to je zapojen\u00ed student\u016f do rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pohled student\u016f na pr\u016fb\u011bh a kvalitu studia se zohled\u0148uje u\u017e jen d\u00edky nastaven\u00ed akademick\u00e9 samospr\u00e1vy, kde mus\u00ed m\u00edt studenti ze z\u00e1kona minim\u00e1ln\u011b t\u0159etinov\u00e9 zastoupen\u00ed v akademick\u00fdch sen\u00e1tech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nyn\u00ed se prohlubuje i zapojen\u00ed student\u016f do aktualizace a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed studijn\u00edch program\u016f. \u201eJe v\u0161ak pravda, \u017ee na n\u011bkter\u00fdch univerzit\u00e1ch jsou studenti br\u00e1ni za rovnocenn\u00e9 partnery v\u00edce ne\u017e na jin\u00fdch,\u201c dodal jejich z\u00e1stupce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud jde o celost\u00e1tn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148, Studentsk\u00e1 komora Rady vysok\u00fdch \u0161kol, ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed reprezentace student\u016f, je podle Farn\u00edka aktivn\u00edm partnerem ministerstvu p\u0159i jedn\u00e1n\u00ed o v\u0161ech pl\u00e1novan\u00fdch reform\u00e1ch a p\u0159i jedn\u00e1n\u00edch o rozpo\u010dtu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cl\u00e1nek vy\u0161el v Euractiv.cz dne 23. kv\u011btna.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cesku na tom nen\u00ed v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi evropsk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi pr\u00e1v\u011b nejl\u00e9pe. Mezi d\u016fvody, pro\u010d mlad\u00ed na vysokou nejdou, pat\u0159\u00ed i nedostatek motivace a \u010dasov\u00e1 n\u00e1ro\u010dnost studia. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6410,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,27,38],"tags":[3,8,4],"class_list":["post-6458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualne-ze-skolstvi","category-budoucnost-skolstvi","category-vysoke-skoly","tag-reditel","tag-rodic-zak","tag-ucitel"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6458","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6458"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6458\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6459,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6458\/revisions\/6459"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6458"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6458"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6458"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}