{"id":6418,"date":"2022-05-18T21:57:52","date_gmt":"2022-05-18T19:57:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=6418"},"modified":"2022-05-18T21:57:54","modified_gmt":"2022-05-18T19:57:54","slug":"vyzkum-paq-research-ukazal-ze-kazdy-paty-rodic-ditete-se-znevyhodnenim-se-setkal-s-navrhem-ci-pozadavkem-na-odchod-ditete-ze-skoly-ci-tridy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=6418","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdzkum PAQ Research uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u00e1t\u00fd rodi\u010d d\u00edt\u011bte se znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00edm se setkal s n\u00e1vrhem \u010di po\u017eadavkem na odchod d\u00edt\u011bte ze \u0161koly \u010di t\u0159\u00eddy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Nejen tento fakt vyplynul z v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00fd pro neziskovou organizaci Spolu, z. s. vypracovala v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 organizace PAQ Research. Tyto n\u00e1vrhy rodi\u010d\u016fm nej\u010dast\u011bji p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed ze strany samotn\u00e9 \u0161koly nebo od pracovn\u00edk\u016f \u0161kolsk\u00fdch poradensk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed (\u0160PZ). Polovina d\u011bt\u00ed s touto zku\u0161enost\u00ed pak \u0161kolu vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed skute\u010dn\u011b opustila. Nej\u010dast\u011bji po\u017eadavek na odchod ze \u0161koly vzn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0161koly nebo \u0161kolsk\u00e1 poradensk\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed s lehk\u00fdm ment\u00e1ln\u00edm posti\u017een\u00edm (37 procent), poruchami chov\u00e1n\u00ed a nezdravotn\u00edmi druhy znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed (oboj\u00ed 34 procent). <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probl\u00e9my \u010dasto nast\u00e1vaj\u00ed u\u017e p\u0159ed za\u010d\u00e1tkem povinn\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed dcoh\u00e1zky. T\u0159etina d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed p\u0159ed n\u00e1stupem do \u0161koly p\u0159iznan\u00e1 podp\u016frn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, se toti\u017e p\u0159i z\u00e1pisu setk\u00e1v\u00e1 s neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky \u0161koly ohledn\u011b p\u0159ijet\u00ed. \u201eRodi\u010de se na n\u00e1s obracej\u00ed s t\u00edm, \u017ee po nich \u0161kola po\u017eaduje nap\u0159\u00edklad zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed doprovodu p\u0159i \u0161koln\u00edch akc\u00edch, po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch speci\u00e1ln\u00edch pom\u016fcek nebo odm\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159ijmout d\u00edt\u011b kv\u016fli
jeho znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed do \u0161koln\u00ed dru\u017einy. Jedn\u00e1 se o praktiky, kter\u00e9 jsou v rozporu se \u0161kolsk\u00fdm i antidiskrimina\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1konem,\u201d vysv\u011btluje Iva Jansk\u00e1, p\u0159edsedkyn\u011b spolku Spolu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Desetina rodi\u010d\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi pot\u0159ebami za\u017eila podle v\u00fdzkumu ze strany \u0161kol ur\u010ditou formu n\u00e1tlaku \u010di omezen\u00ed v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky. \u201eKrom\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f s dru\u017einou a ne\u00fa\u010dast\u00ed na \u0161koln\u00edch akc\u00edch jde t\u0159eba o situace, kdy \u0161kola odm\u00edt\u00e1 d\u00edt\u011bti poskytovat p\u0159iznan\u00e1 podp\u016frn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed. Objevuj\u00ed se ale i p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy \u0161kola proti rodin\u011b aktivizuje rodi\u010de ostatn\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed, nebo rodinu nahl\u00e1s\u00ed OSPODu (org\u00e1ny soci\u00e1ln\u011b pr\u00e1vn\u00ed ochrany d\u011bt\u00ed -pozn. red.) jen proto, \u017ee rodi\u010de necht\u011bj\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b p\u0159ehl\u00e1sit jinam. Za\u017eili jsme i neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00e9 pod\u00e1n\u00ed trestn\u00edho ozn\u00e1men\u00ed na rodi\u010de ze strany \u0161koly,\u201d popisuje zku\u0161enosti z praxe Iva Jansk\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eZku\u0161enost s n\u00e1vrhy \u010di po\u017eadavky na p\u0159estup d\u00edt\u011bte maj\u00ed rodi\u010de ze \u0161kol i poradensk\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Ob\u010das se objevuje i tlak ostatn\u00edch rodi\u010d\u016f. Zhruba v polovin\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f rodi\u010de n\u00e1vrhy a po\u017eadavky na p\u0159estup akceptuj\u00ed a ke zm\u011bn\u011b \u0161koly skute\u010dn\u011b dojde,\u201d popisuje dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1v\u011bry Daniel Prokop z v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 organizace PAQ Research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eNa\u0161e data nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee k tlaku na zm\u011bnu \u0161koly doch\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00edce na po\u010d\u00e1tku vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Mimo hlavn\u00ed proud \u0161kolstv\u00ed tedy nekon\u010d\u00ed jen d\u011bti s t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edmi ment\u00e1ln\u00edmi hendikepy a kombinovan\u00fdmi vadami. N\u00e1vrhy \u010di po\u017eadavky na zm\u011bnu \u0161koly \u010dasto p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed i rodi\u010de d\u011bt\u00ed se smyslov\u00fdm a t\u011blesn\u00fdm posti\u017een\u00edm \u010di nezdravotn\u00edm znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00edm. Tlak na jejich vy\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee sm\u011b\u0159ovat k sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161anc\u00ed ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed i vy\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed z kolektivu, co\u017e m\u00e1 vliv na pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed kapit\u00e1l a uplatn\u011bn\u00ed ve spole\u010dnosti,\u201c vysv\u011btluje Daniel Prokop.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u201e\u017d\u00e1ci, kte\u0159\u00ed by s pat\u0159i\u010dn\u00fdmi podp\u016frn\u00fdmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi \u2013 na kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed mimochodem ze z\u00e1kona n\u00e1rok \u2013 mohli absolvovat celou \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zku na b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch, se tak mnohdy dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do koloto\u010de opakovan\u00fdch p\u0159esun\u016f mezi \u0161kolami. Ten v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje \u017eivot jich samotn\u00fdch i cel\u00e9 jejich rodiny,\u201c dopl\u0148uje Iva Jansk\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O odchod \u201cn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch\u201d \u017e\u00e1k\u016f usiluj\u00ed i speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161koly <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ekvapuj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee se snahami o p\u0159estup d\u011bt\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi pot\u0159ebami do jin\u00fdch \u0161kol se setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed i rodi\u010de d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 doch\u00e1z\u00ed do speci\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0161kol. \u201eP\u0159itom \u010dast\u00fdm argumentem pro vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte ve speci\u00e1ln\u00edm \u0161kolstv\u00ed je, \u017ee zde bude m\u00edt k dispozici odborn\u00edky a specializovanou p\u00e9\u010di p\u0159i v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm po\u010dtu \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. I zde se v\u0161ak rodi\u010de setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed s t\u00edm, \u017ee \u0161koly rodin\u00e1m n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u011bm s kombinovan\u00fdmi vadami, navrhuj\u00ed, aby ode\u0161ly do jin\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161koly nebo do dom\u00e1c\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed,\u201c popisuje zaj\u00edmav\u00fd jev Iva Jansk\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neziskov\u00e9 organizace usiluj\u00ed o zm\u011bnu v syst\u00e9mu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1stupci neziskov\u00fdch organizac\u00ed Spolu, \u010cOSIV a Rytmus se na konci b\u0159ezna setkali s ministrem \u0161kolstv\u00ed Petrem Gazd\u00edkem. Na sch\u016fzce mu p\u0159edstavili hlavn\u00ed zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed uveden\u00e9 studie i konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed n\u00e1vrhy, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly pomoci ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed situace ohledn\u011b za\u010dle\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi pot\u0159eby do \u0161kol. V n\u00e1vrz\u00edch je nap\u0159\u00edklad uvedeno, \u017ee sp\u00e1dov\u00e9 \u0161koly by p\u0159i p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed k z\u00e1kladn\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bly d\u016fsledn\u011b dodr\u017eovat dv\u011b z\u00e1konem dan\u00e9 podm\u00ednky (v\u011bk a trval\u00fd pobyt d\u00edt\u011bte) a nem\u011bly by kl\u00e1st pro p\u0159ijet\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed po\u017eadavky. Ve vyhl\u00e1\u0161ce o z\u00e1kladn\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed by tak m\u011bla b\u00fdt vypu\u0161t\u011bna mo\u017enost \u0161kol stanovit si \u201ekrit\u00e9ria pro p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f\u201c. \u0160koly by m\u011bly m\u00edt pouze mo\u017enost ur\u010dit okolnosti, ke kter\u00fdm budou p\u0159ihl\u00ed\u017eet p\u0159i p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed nesp\u00e1dov\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. Ty by v\u0161ak nijak nem\u011bly hodnotit v\u00fdkon ani vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed p\u0159edpoklady d\u00edt\u011bte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle z\u00e1stupc\u016f uveden\u00fdch organizac\u00ed by ministerstvo a \u0161kolsk\u00e1 poradensk\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed m\u011bla tak\u00e9 ve\u0159ejnost mnohem l\u00e9pe a jasn\u011bji informovat o tom, \u017ee informace \u0160PZ o tom, v jak\u00e9m druhu \u0161koly by se d\u00edt\u011b m\u011blo vzd\u011bl\u00e1vat, nejsou pro rodi\u010de z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 (za z\u00e1vazn\u00e9 je p\u0159itom ve v\u00fdzkumu PAQ Research pova\u017eovalo 69 procent rodi\u010d\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed od \u0160PZ obdr\u017eeli n\u00e1vrh na zm\u011bnu druhu \u0161koly d\u00edt\u011bte). Z\u00e1vazn\u00e1 jsou ze strany \u0160PZ jen p\u0159iznan\u00e1 podp\u016frn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 m\u00edt d\u00edt\u011b ve \u0161kole zaji\u0161t\u011bna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nezbytn\u00fdm p\u0159edpokladem ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed situace d\u011bt\u00ed se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi pot\u0159ebami v hlavn\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edm proudu je posilov\u00e1n\u00ed kapacit \u0161koln\u00edch poradensk\u00fdch pracovi\u0161\u0165 a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed financov\u00e1n\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch pedagogick\u00fdch profes\u00ed (\u0161koln\u00ed psychologov\u00e9, speci\u00e1ln\u00ed pedagogov\u00e9) p\u0159\u00edmo ze st\u00e1tn\u00edho rozpo\u010dtu. Tak\u00e9 je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed vr\u00e1tit do speci\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0161kol v\u011bt\u0161inu podp\u016frn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b asistenta pedagoga, kter\u00e1 byla zru\u0161ena v lednu 2020. Omezen\u00ed podp\u016frn\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed ve speci\u00e1ln\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed je podle \u0159ady odborn\u00fdch organizac\u00ed v rozporu se \u0161kolsk\u00fdm i antidiskrima\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1konem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1vrh opat\u0159en\u00ed i samotn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum vznikly d\u00edky programu Advoka\u010dn\u00ed Akademie nada\u010dn\u00edho fondu Abakus. \"C\u00edlem akademie je, umo\u017enit rodi\u010d\u016fm d\u011bt\u00ed se zdravotn\u00edm znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00edm pomoci l\u00e9pe formulovat a prosazovat jejich z\u00e1jmy. V\u011b\u0159\u00edme, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b rodi\u010de jsou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi odborn\u00edky na pot\u0159eby sv\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. \u010casto v\u011bd\u00ed, co pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, ale neznaj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby, jak sv\u00e9 pot\u0159eby prosadit na spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch m\u00edstech a naplnit je,\u201d vysv\u011btluje Kate\u0159ina Kotasov\u00e1 z Nada\u010dn\u00edho fondu Abakus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160et\u0159en\u00ed prob\u011bhlo mezi 3. prosincem 2021 a 9. lednem 2022. Z\u00fa\u010dastnilo se ho 789 rodi\u010d\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed ve v\u011bku \u017e\u00e1k\u016f a \u017e\u00e1ky\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly se speci\u00e1ln\u00edmi vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edmi pot\u0159ebami (SVP). Byli mezi nimi rodi\u010de, jejich\u017e d\u011bti maj\u00ed poradensk\u00fdm za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm p\u0159iznan\u00e1 podp\u016frn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed (77 procent vzorku), ti kte\u0159\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed subjektivn\u011b ozna\u010duj\u00ed znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed (16 procent vzorku) nebo d\u011bti poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed ze soci\u00e1ln\u011b \u010di kulturn\u011b znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed (7 procent vzorku). V r\u00e1mci d\u011bt\u00ed s identifikovan\u00fdmi SVP je soubor hrub\u011b reprezentativn\u00ed z hlediska typu znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed a poruch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n