{"id":6100,"date":"2022-04-21T22:06:34","date_gmt":"2022-04-21T20:06:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=6100"},"modified":"2022-04-21T22:06:35","modified_gmt":"2022-04-21T20:06:35","slug":"sokol-slavi-180-let-svoji-existence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=6100","title":{"rendered":"Sokol slav\u00ed 180 let svoj\u00ed existence"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>V leto\u0161n\u00edm roce je to 180 let od vzniku nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho t\u011blov\u00fdchovn\u00e9ho spolku u n\u00e1s, tedy \u010cesk\u00e9 obce sokolsk\u00e9. V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku si p\u0159ipomeneme, jakou velkou roli hr\u00e1l Sokol v na\u0161ich d\u011bjin\u00e1ch.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po p\u00e1du Bachova absolutismu v roce 1859 se situace u n\u00e1s p\u0159\u00edzniv\u011b zm\u011bnila. Vlastenci m\u011bli v\u00edce svobody a da\u0159ilo se zakl\u00e1dat spoustu nov\u00fdch kulturn\u00edch spolk\u016f, zejm\u00e9na t\u011blocvi\u010dn\u00fdch, proto\u017ee tehdej\u0161\u00ed doba si \u017e\u00e1dala fyzickou zdatnost ka\u017ed\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. Jako p\u0159\u00edklad nov\u011b zalo\u017een\u00fdch spolk\u016f m\u016f\u017eeme uv\u00e9st zn\u00e1m\u00fd p\u011bveck\u00fd sbor Hlahol, nebo pr\u00e1v\u011b Sokol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ten byl zalo\u017een 18. \u00fanora roku 1862 a to filozofem, Miroslavem Tyr\u0161em a filantropem, Jind\u0159ichem F\u00fcgnerem. Pr\u00e1v\u011b v tento den byla toti\u017e do Malypetrova \u00fastavu svol\u00e1na zakl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed valn\u00e1 hromada.<br>Samotn\u00e1 cvi\u010debn\u00ed \u010dinnost byla zah\u00e1jena jen o m\u011bs\u00edc pozd\u011bji. Program byl u\u017e v t\u00e9 dob\u011b opravdu pokrokov\u00fd. Cvi\u010denci se v\u011bnovali nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0161ermu, z\u00e1pasu, vzp\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, atletice, nebo po\u0159adov\u00fdm cvi\u010den\u00edm. Sokolov\u00e9 v\u0161ak nezanedb\u00e1vali ani kulturn\u00ed \u017eivot \u010derstv\u011b vznikl\u00e9ho spolku, po\u0159\u00e1daly se vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky, divadeln\u00ed p\u0159edstaven\u00ed, plesy a koncerty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm mottem bylo Tyr\u0161ovo, dnes u\u017e legend\u00e1rn\u00ed heslo ,,Tu\u017eme se!\u2019\u2019. Josef Bar\u00e1k, dal\u0161\u00ed ze zakladatel\u016f Sokola a mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159edseda Akademick\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho spolku, navrhl pozdrav ,,Nazdar!\u2019\u2019. Pozdrav se za prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky stal zn\u00e1m\u00fdm ve Francii, kde v \u0159ad\u00e1ch \u010desk\u00fdch legion\u00e1\u0159\u016f bylo spoustu sokol\u016f.<br>Proto\u017ee se \u010ce\u0161i zdravili pr\u00e1v\u011b zvol\u00e1n\u00edm ,,Nazdar!\u2019\u2019, francouz\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci za\u010dali rot\u011b, kde bylo velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u010cech\u016f, p\u0159ezd\u00edvat rota Nazdar. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tato rota, ve kter\u00e9 byl mimo jin\u00e9 i n\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159edn\u00ed \u010desk\u00fd mal\u00ed\u0159, Franti\u0161ek Kupka, vybojovala v roce 1915 veled\u016fle\u017eitou bitvu u Arrasu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na podzim t\u00e9ho\u017e roku Rakousko-Uhersk\u00e9 ministerstvo vnitra Sokol zak\u00e1zalo. Po proh\u0159e Rakouska-Uherska a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00ed \u010ceskoslovenska v roce 1918 mohl Sokol d\u00e1le provozovat svoji \u010dinnost. V\u00fdznamnou pomoc sokol\u016f za v\u00e1lky kr\u00e1sn\u011b ocenil prezident T. G. Masaryk: ,,Bez sokol\u016f by nebyly legie, bez legi\u00ed by nevzniklo \u010ceskoslovensko\u2019\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Za prvn\u00ed republiky se stal Sokol celon\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizac\u00ed, obliba spolku rostla, ka\u017ed\u00fd patn\u00e1ct\u00fd ob\u010dan byl sokolem, celkov\u00fd po\u010det se bl\u00ed\u017eil k milionu. Spousta sportovc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jeli reprezentovat \u010ceskoslovensko na olympi\u00e1du, byla pr\u00e1v\u011b z \u0159ad sokol\u016f. Historicky prvn\u00ed \u010deskoslovenskou zlatou medaili vybojoval gymnasta a sokol, Bed\u0159ich \u0160up\u010d\u00edk a to v roce 1924 v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po tom, jakou udatnost uk\u00e1zali sokolov\u00e9 za prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, nikoho asi nep\u0159ekvap\u00ed, \u017ee se aktivn\u011b zapojili i do boj\u016f ve druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce. Bojovali mu\u017ei i \u017eeny a to na v\u0161ech front\u00e1ch. Sokolov\u00e9 si Vytvo\u0159ili dokonce i svoji vlastn\u00ed odbojovou s\u00ed\u0165- Obec sokolsk\u00e1 v odboji. Jeliko\u017e se tato s\u00ed\u0165 brzy prozradila, za\u010dalo se s tvrd\u00fdmi represemi v\u016f\u010di tomuto t\u011blov\u00fdchovn\u00e9mu spolku. Nacist\u00e9 takovou aktivitu od Sokola ne\u010dekali, brzy ale pochopili, \u017ee tito lid\u00e9 budou svoji zemi br\u00e1nit do posledn\u00edho dechu a \u017ee je t\u0159eba se jich ob\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V roce 1941 byla zak\u00e1z\u00e1na \u010dinnost Sokola. To byl ale jen za\u010d\u00e1tek. Na podzim t\u00e9ho\u017e roku byla na popud Reinharda Heydricha (\u0159\u00ed\u0161sk\u00e9ho rady) zapo\u010data ,,Akce sokol'', b\u011bhem n\u00ed\u017e se ve velk\u00e9m zat\u00fdkali funkcion\u00e1\u0159i sokolsk\u00fdch jednot. Celkem bylo po\u0161kozeno v\u00edce ne\u017e 1500 sokol\u016f, z nich\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina skon\u010dila v koncentra\u010dn\u00edch t\u00e1borech. Za ob\u011b\u0165 padl i sokolsk\u00fd n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk, Augustin Pechl\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sokolsk\u00fd odboj se pod\u00edlel i na atent\u00e1tu na Reinharda Heydricha. Je pot\u0159eba zm\u00ednit, \u017ee bez jejich heroick\u00e9 pomoci by se nikdy atent\u00e1t neuskute\u010dnil a \u017ee se sokolov\u00e9 rozhodli napom\u00e1hat atent\u00e1tu, a\u010dkoliv si byli dob\u0159e v\u011bdomi, \u017ee to pro n\u011b bude znamenat smrt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spole\u010dnou sokolskou filozofii za v\u00e1lky dokonale shrnul Franti\u0161ek Pech\u00e1\u010dek ve sv\u00fdch posledn\u00edch slovech, pronesen\u00fdch ke sv\u00fdm sokolsk\u00fdm bratr\u016fm t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed popravou: ,,Sbohem, brat\u0159i, v\u00edm, \u017ee jdu na smrt, ale neboj\u00edm se j\u00ed. State\u010dn\u00fd mu\u017e um\u0159e jednou, jen zbab\u011blci um\u00edraj\u00ed stokr\u00e1t. Um\u0159u s klidem, proto\u017ee v\u00edm, \u017ee na\u0161e ob\u011bti nebyly marn\u00e9.''<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bohu\u017eel po v\u00e1lce se sokol\u016fm nedostalo uzn\u00e1n\u00ed, ani \u00facty. Po p\u0159evratu je, podobn\u011b jako nacist\u00e9, komunist\u00e9 vn\u00edmali jako velkou politickou s\u00edlu, kter\u00e1 by mohla ohro\u017eovat re\u017eim. Sokol postupn\u011b zanikal, \u010dinnost se poda\u0159ilo udr\u017eet pouze v zahrani\u010d\u00ed. V dob\u011b Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho jara sice byly pokusy o obnoven\u00ed Sokolsk\u00e9 jednoty, ale naru\u0161il je vp\u00e1d vojsk Var\u0161avsk\u00e9 smlouvy a normalizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Po p\u00e1du \u017eelezn\u00e9 opony se kone\u010dn\u011b poda\u0159ilo Sokol obnovit, ale dostat zn\u00e1rodn\u011bn\u00e9 prostory bylo velmi slo\u017eit\u00e9. D\u00edky velk\u00e9 p\u00edli sokol\u016f se poda\u0159ilo z\u00edskat zp\u011bt Tyr\u0161\u016fv d\u016fm v Praze. Sokol i nad\u00e1le pokra\u010duje v rozvoji fyzick\u00fdch i kulturn\u00edch aktivit a op\u011bt dobyl svou pozici nev\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho t\u011blov\u00fdchovn\u00e9ho spolku u n\u00e1s.<br>Kdy\u017e se zamysl\u00edme nad 180 lety existence Sokola, je opravdu obdivuhodn\u00e9, co v\u0161echno vydr\u017eel. Sokol v\u017edy st\u00e1l po boku sv\u00e9 milovan\u00e9 zem\u011b, nikdy ji nezradil a byl ochoten ob\u011btovat se pro svobodu utla\u010dovan\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9mu re\u017eimu se nepoda\u0159ilo Sokolu p\u0159ist\u0159ihnout k\u0159\u00eddla (a\u010dkoliv to tak n\u011bkdy mohlo vypadat) a j\u00e1 jsem p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00e1, \u017ee se to nikdy nikomu nepoda\u0159\u00ed. Proto\u017ee tohle nen\u00ed jen t\u011blov\u00fdchovn\u00e1 jednota, toto je Sokol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zdroj fotografie: facebook \u010cesk\u00e9 obce sokolsk\u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V leto\u0161n\u00edm roce je to 180 let od vzniku nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho t\u011blov\u00fdchovn\u00e9ho spolku u n\u00e1s, tedy \u010cesk\u00e9 obce sokolsk\u00e9. V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku si p\u0159ipomeneme, jakou velkou roli hr\u00e1l Sokol v na\u0161ich [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":6101,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[62,109,51,46],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-6100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-kultura","category-spolecnost","category-studentske-zpravodajstvi","tag-rodic-zak"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6100"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6102,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6100\/revisions\/6102"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6101"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}