{"id":3713,"date":"2021-11-30T15:21:40","date_gmt":"2021-11-30T14:21:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions.uvirt120.active24.cz\/?p=3713"},"modified":"2021-11-30T15:21:40","modified_gmt":"2021-11-30T14:21:40","slug":"bob-kartous-kdyby-rodice-chteli-ve-skolstvi-zmenu-tak-probehne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=3713","title":{"rendered":"Bob Kartous: Kdyby rodi\u010de cht\u011bli ve \u0161kolstv\u00ed zm\u011bnu, tak prob\u011bhne"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u201eVa\u0161e d\u011bti se budou c\u00edtit v \u017eivot\u011b tak spokojen\u00e9, jak spokojen\u00e1 bude cel\u00e1 spole\u010dnost. A spokojen\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nebude existovat bez dobr\u00e9 \u0161koly,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Bob Kartous, \u0159editel Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho inova\u010dn\u00edho institutu, kter\u00fd d\u0159\u00edve p\u016fsobil v centru EDUin.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je o v\u00e1s zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee jste kritikem \u010desk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed. Kde vid\u00edte jeho nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed slabiny?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tak pozor, j\u00e1 jsem podporovatel \u010desk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed! Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e1 kapitola m\u00e9 knihy No Future: Vezeme d\u011bti na parn\u00edm stroji do virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed reality? je vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00edm jednozna\u010dn\u00e9 podpory \u0161kole jako takov\u00e9, jako m\u00edstu, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 ambici zachr\u00e1nit spole\u010dnost a d\u00e1t j\u00ed perspektivu. A tak\u00e9 tam na \u0159ad\u011b m\u00edst mluv\u00edm o tom, \u017ee hlavn\u00ed roli ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed maj\u00ed rodi\u010de, nikoli \u0161kola, proto\u017ee ty nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kvality, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdchova a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed mohou d\u00e1t, se tvo\u0159\u00ed prim\u00e1rn\u011b mimo \u0161kolu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A co tedy kritizujete?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jestli n\u011bco kritizuji, tak je to zejm\u00e9na nev\u0161\u00edmavost \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti k probl\u00e9m\u016fm \u010desk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed, nebo sp\u00ed\u0161 neschopnost je vn\u00edmat, jakkoli jsou alarmuj\u00edc\u00ed. V\u0161echny skute\u010dn\u011b spole\u010densky, ekonomicky a politicky rozvinut\u00e9 zem\u011b obdobn\u00e9 velikosti, jako je \u010cR, masivn\u011b investuj\u00ed do vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. To ned\u011bl\u00e1me. To \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s v\u00fdb\u011brem a p\u0159\u00edpravou u\u010ditel\u016f, s t\u00edm, kdo vlastn\u011b chce j\u00edt u\u010dit a jak\u00e9 k tomu m\u00e1 podm\u00ednky. Nejsme schopni v tempu dynamiky 21. stolet\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b svi\u017en\u011b zm\u011bnit obsah, p\u0159\u00edstup k d\u011btem, jejich hodnocen\u00ed a tak d\u00e1le. Rodi\u010de by si m\u011bli uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee pro sv\u00e9 d\u011bti jsou celo\u017eivotn\u011b nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi u\u010diteli oni, proto\u017ee to nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed se v utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed osobnosti d\u011bt\u00ed d\u011bje v prvn\u00edch m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch a letech \u017eivota. Nesm\u00ed se zm\u00e1st t\u00edm, \u017ee vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 a\u017e ve \u0161kole, naopak. \u0160kola nutn\u011b pouze navazuje na to, jak\u00e1 osobnost do n\u00ed p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed, jak sebev\u011bdom\u00e1 v tom dobr\u00e9m slova smyslu je, jak je nad\u0161en\u00e1 z pozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, jak moc se chce pt\u00e1t, jak moc se chce v n\u011b\u010dem uskute\u010dnit. A to maj\u00ed v rukou nejv\u00edc rodi\u010de.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Posunulo se n\u011bkam \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed v posledn\u00edch letech?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159\u00edznakem doby je nerovnom\u011brnost v\u00fdvoje, asymetrie. Jsou \u0161koly a u\u010ditel\u00e9 naprosto perfektn\u00ed, dok\u00e1\u017eou p\u0159ipravovat d\u011bti a mlad\u00e9 lidi na sv\u011bt, jak\u00fd je, a sna\u017e\u00ed se jim ukazovat, jak\u00fd bude. A pak jsou ti, kte\u0159\u00ed se zoufale dr\u017e\u00ed minulosti a doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee se jim poda\u0159\u00ed ji udr\u017eet. Aby m\u011bli lep\u0161\u00ed pocit, \u017ee se to da\u0159\u00ed, stahuj\u00ed tam i sv\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ky. Stejn\u011b tak n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed rodi\u010de. Po\u0159\u00e1d dokola se potk\u00e1v\u00e1m s t\u00edm, \u017ee vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed je posuzov\u00e1no rodi\u010di podle zn\u00e1mek, a\u010dkoli v\u0161ichni pro\u0161li t\u00edmto syst\u00e9mem a m\u011bli mo\u017enost na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei zjistit, \u017ee dok\u00e1\u017ee b\u00fdt krut\u011b nespravedliv\u00fd. Po\u0159\u00e1d si mnoho lid\u00ed mysl\u00ed, \u017ee um\u011bt jazyk znamen\u00e1 rozeznat v\u011btn\u00e9 \u010dleny a \u017ee matematiku d\u011bl\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed nau\u010den\u00fdch vzorc\u016f. St\u00e1le se setk\u00e1v\u00e1m v naprost\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b s p\u0159\u00edstupem rodi\u010d\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b po st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole \u201emus\u00ed n\u011b\u010d\u00edm b\u00fdt\u201c, \u017ee mus\u00ed m\u00edt certifik\u00e1t na instalat\u00e9ra nebo \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed, proto\u017ee si pak l\u00e9pe najde pr\u00e1ci. \u017dij\u00ed p\u0159ed t\u011bmi dvaceti i v\u00edce lety, nevn\u00edmaj\u00ed, co se d\u011bje, respektive \u010dasto nemaj\u00ed snahu a rad\u011bji daj\u00ed na \u201ezdrav\u00fd rozum\u201c let d\u00e1vno minul\u00fdch. On kdysi zdrav\u00fd byl, jen\u017ee to je u\u017e d\u00e1vno\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak si v tomto ohledu stoj\u00edme ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi evropsk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi? Kdo by mohl b\u00fdt na\u0161\u00edm vzorem?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V ka\u017ed\u00e9 vysp\u011bl\u00e9 zemi najdete zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 inspirace. Ve Finsku to, jak vyb\u00edraj\u00ed a p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed u\u010ditele, cht\u011bj\u00ed, aby tam byli ti skute\u010dn\u011b nejlep\u0161\u00ed, krom\u011b jin\u00e9ho. V D\u00e1nsku zp\u016fsob hodnocen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f, nedost\u00e1vaj\u00ed na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kole zn\u00e1mky, co\u017e vede k mnohem men\u0161\u00ed produkci \u201eloser\u016f\u201c, d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vn\u00edmaj\u00ed samy sebe na konci z\u00e1kladky jako nevzd\u011blavateln\u00e9, co\u017e \u010dasto v\u016fbec nen\u00ed pravda, jen jim to bylo roky vnucov\u00e1no. V Holandsku se lze inspirovat t\u0159eba zp\u016fsobem, jak\u00fdm poj\u00edmaj\u00ed sexu\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdchovu. Ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku t\u00edm, jak prol\u00ednaj\u00ed praxi a teorii na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch. V USA t\u00edm, jak lze studijn\u00ed program p\u0159izp\u016fsobit z\u00e1jmu a p\u0159edstav\u011b o sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b moje zku\u0161enost s \u010deskou mentalitou je takov\u00e1, \u017ee to zahrani\u010dn\u00ed je velmi \u010dasto tak n\u011bjak \u201epodez\u0159el\u00e9\u201c a vlastn\u011b v\u017edy hor\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e to na\u0161e, to na\u0161e osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9, dom\u00e1c\u00ed, cimrmanovsk\u00e9, tedy vlastn\u011b geni\u00e1ln\u00ed, jen to nikdo nedok\u00e1\u017ee ocenit. (sm\u00edch) Proto se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee je lep\u0161\u00ed hledat v \u010cR, proto\u017ee tam se ned\u00e1 tak snadno hledat cesta, jak to odm\u00edtnout.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jde hlavn\u011b o progresivn\u00ed \u0161koly, jako je Gymn\u00e1zium Na Zatlance, organizace u\u010ditel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se skute\u010dn\u011b r\u00e1di d\u00edvaj\u00ed dop\u0159edu, jako je U\u010ditelsk\u00e1 platforma, promy\u0161len\u011b jednaj\u00edc\u00ed z\u0159izovatele, jako je t\u0159eba Jihomoravsk\u00fd kraj nebo v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b i hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Praha. Existuje spousta dobr\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f, kter\u00e9 by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et d\u00e1l, jen\u017ee k tomu je t\u0159eba bu\u010f takov\u00fd ten p\u0159irozen\u00fd hlad po zm\u011bn\u011b, nebo dobr\u00e9 veden\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nen\u00ed zastaralost \u0161kolsk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry i vinou rodi\u010d\u016f? Cht\u011bj\u00ed rodi\u010de v\u016fbec zm\u011bnu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

No jasn\u011b, kdyby rodi\u010de po\u017eadovali zm\u011bnu, zm\u011bna prob\u011bhne. Plat\u00ed st\u00e1le tzv. Paretovo pravidlo, \u017ee dvacet procent p\u0159\u00ed\u010din m\u00e1 na sv\u011bdom\u00ed osmdes\u00e1t procent d\u016fsledk\u016f, pak by sta\u010dilo v ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b dvacet procent t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed zm\u011bnu. Oni by se mo\u017en\u00e1 v celkov\u00e9 bilanci populace rodi\u010d\u016f na\u0161li, akor\u00e1t maj\u00ed tendenci se sdru\u017eovat tam, kde u\u017e zm\u011bna prob\u011bhla. Tud\u00ed\u017e nep\u016fsob\u00ed jako faktor zm\u011bny tam, kde je to t\u0159eba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co mohu j\u00e1, jako \u0159adov\u00fd rodi\u010d, ud\u011blat pro to, aby se situace ve \u0161kolstv\u00ed zlep\u0161ila?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prvn\u011b v\u011bnovat v\u00fdchov\u011b a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost. Taky m\u00e1me ka\u017ed\u00fd sv\u00e9ho poslance, sen\u00e1tora, zastupitele. Napi\u0161te jim, co pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cR ud\u011blali. Proto\u017ee va\u0161e d\u011bti se budou c\u00edtit v \u017eivot\u011b tak spokojen\u00e9, jak spokojen\u00e1 bude cel\u00e1 spole\u010dnost. A spokojen\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nebude existovat bez dobr\u00e9 \u0161koly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Autor je \u0159editel\u00a0Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho inova\u010dn\u00edho institutu<\/strong>, Bohumil Kartous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rozhovor vy\u0161el na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch prozeny.blesk.cz, 27. listopadu 2021.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201eVa\u0161e d\u011bti se budou c\u00edtit v \u017eivot\u011b tak spokojen\u00e9, jak spokojen\u00e1 bude cel\u00e1 spole\u010dnost. A spokojen\u00e1 spole\u010dnost nebude existovat bez dobr\u00e9 \u0161koly,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Bob Kartous, \u0159editel Pra\u017esk\u00e9ho inova\u010dn\u00edho institutu, kter\u00fd […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":3578,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,27,39],"tags":[3,8,4],"class_list":["post-3713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualne-ze-skolstvi","category-budoucnost-skolstvi","category-praha-skolska","tag-reditel","tag-rodic-zak","tag-ucitel"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3713","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3713"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3713\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3714,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3713\/revisions\/3714"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3578"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3713"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3713"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}