{"id":3134,"date":"2021-09-24T08:40:17","date_gmt":"2021-09-24T06:40:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions.uvirt120.active24.cz\/?p=3134"},"modified":"2021-09-24T08:42:33","modified_gmt":"2021-09-24T06:42:33","slug":"elektromobilita-je-idealni-forma-prepravy-ve-meste-nemusi-to-vsak-byt-tak-jednoznacne-jak-tvrdi-urady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=3134","title":{"rendered":"Elektromobilita je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed forma p\u0159epravy ve m\u011bst\u011b. Nemus\u00ed to v\u0161ak b\u00fdt tak jednozna\u010dn\u00e9, jak tvrd\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Elektromobilita je trend sou\u010dasnosti. Vozy s\u00a0elektrick\u00fdm pohonem se neust\u00e1le vyv\u00edjej\u00ed, st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0jejich nab\u00edjen\u00ed je \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159esto je v\u0161ak n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 necht\u011bj\u00ed. Pro\u010d?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektromobily jsou ide\u00e1ln\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00edkem do ru\u0161n\u00fdch m\u011bstsk\u00fdch ulic. D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee jezd\u00ed bez p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdch emis\u00ed a nejsou tak hlu\u010dn\u00e9, jsou jako stvo\u0159en\u00e9 pro \u017eivot ve m\u011bstech. Dynamika j\u00edzdy je v autech poh\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fdch elekt\u0159inou lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u aut se spalovac\u00edmi motory, jeliko\u017e to\u010div\u00fd moment je k dispozici ihned po rozjezdu. Ve m\u011bstech z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1te s elektromobilem n\u011bkolik d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch v\u00fdhod. V Praze t\u0159eba nemus\u00edte platit za parkov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ceny elektromobil\u016f se postupn\u011b p\u0159ibli\u017euj\u00ed cen\u00e1m aut se spalovac\u00edm motorem. M\u016f\u017ee za to konkuren\u010dn\u00ed boj mezi automobilkami, zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed a s\u00e9riov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba bateri\u00ed a aut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektromobil je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed volba pro denn\u00ed doj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed do hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta. Obyvatel\u00e9 men\u0161\u00edch obc\u00ed nejen v okol\u00ed Prahy maj\u00ed ve sv\u00fdch gar\u00e1\u017e\u00edch mo\u017enost nab\u00edjen\u00ed ze standartn\u00ed z\u00e1suvky 230 V. Ano, trv\u00e1 to d\u00e9le, ale pokud elektromobil budete nab\u00edjet p\u0159es noc, rychlost nab\u00edjen\u00ed pro v\u00e1s nebude omezen\u00edm. Mnohem \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je nab\u00edjen\u00ed pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1st\u011bnn\u00e9ho Wall Boxu, kter\u00fd je schopn\u00fd p\u0159en\u00e9st do bateri\u00ed mnohem rychleji v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed energie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektrick\u00fd pohon je pro u\u017eivatele mnohem v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. V\u00fd\u0161e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 nab\u00edjen\u00ed je pouze jedna z v\u011bc\u00ed, ve kter\u00fdch elektromobil vynik\u00e1. Provoz elektromobilu je se sou\u010dasnou cenou elekt\u0159iny mnohem levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed servis, p\u0159\u00ednos pro klima je ov\u0161em t\u00e9matem dohad\u016f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Servis elektromobilu je tak\u00e9 jedna z jeho p\u0159ednost\u00ed. Motory v elektrick\u00fdch autech jsou spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e9n\u011b slo\u017eit\u00e9 ne\u017e spalovac\u00ed motory. Elektromobily nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed palivovou n\u00e1dr\u017e, \u010derpadla, vst\u0159ikov\u00e1n\u00ed, filtry a olej ani v\u00fdfuk. Nemaj\u00ed spojku, p\u0159evodovku, start\u00e9r a spousty dal\u0161\u00edch d\u00edl\u016f, kter\u00e9 k b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm voz\u016fm neodmysliteln\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 se \u010dasem opot\u0159ebuj\u00ed. Prakticky jedin\u00fdm pohybliv\u00fdm d\u00edlem v elektromotoru je jeho rotor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elektromobil je synonymum pro rychlou, spolehlivou, tichou a bezemisn\u00ed dopravu. A\u017e na to, \u017ee to nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b pravda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Efekt elektromobility pro \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed je men\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e by se podle zap\u00e1len\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016f elektromobility zd\u00e1lo. Na druhou stranu nen\u00ed nulov\u00fd, jak tvrd\u00ed odp\u016frci elektromobil\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ani masivn\u00ed elektromobilita by u n\u00e1s k celkov\u00e9mu sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emisn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee moc nepomohla. Emise z automobilov\u00e9 dopravy u n\u00e1s \u010din\u00ed lehce p\u0159es dev\u011bt procent celkov\u00fdch emis\u00ed oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho, naproti tomu energetika m\u00e1 na kont\u011b procent t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u010dty\u0159icet. Vliv tuzemsk\u00e9 elektromobility na klima u\u017e dlouhodob\u011b je a bude zanedbateln\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Profesor Jan Macek z Centra vozidel udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 mobility \u010cVUT upozor\u0148uje, \u017ee probl\u00e9m se zamo\u0159en\u00fdm vzduchem ve m\u011bstech nen\u00ed d\u00e1n prim\u00e1rn\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee se v nich jezd\u00ed na benzin \u010di diesel, ale hlavn\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed zastaral\u00e1 auta. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho vozov\u00e9ho parku je toti\u017e p\u0159es 15 let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 auto se spalovac\u00edm motorem nen\u00ed bezemisn\u00ed, ale na dne\u0161n\u00ed vozy jsou tak p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky a normy, \u017ee jejich provoz prakticky \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd zdravotn\u00ed dopad nem\u00e1. Pokud nedojde k \u010dast\u00e9 \u00faprav\u011b \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, po n\u011bm\u017e automobil kalibrovan\u00fd na p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 emisn\u00ed normy kou\u0159\u00ed i v\u00edc ne\u017e leckter\u00e9 postar\u0161\u00ed vozidlo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nejde ale jen o emise z p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9ho provozu. Pokud elektromobil nab\u00edj\u00edte z distribu\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b, spot\u0159ebov\u00e1v\u00e1te elekt\u0159inu vyrobenou i z fosiln\u00edch paliv. V \u010cesku p\u0159edloni vych\u00e1zely pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 emise ve v\u00fd\u0161i 0,43 kg oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho na vyrobenou kilowatthodinu elekt\u0159iny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do celkov\u00e9 bilance je t\u0159eba zapo\u010d\u00edst i z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s v\u00fdrobou a likvidac\u00ed auta a jeho komponent\u016f p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm baterie, jej\u00ed\u017e produkce je zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. A energetick\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159eba p\u0159i nab\u00edjen\u00ed nebo topen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i zohledn\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech vedlej\u0161\u00edch dopad\u016f nakonec elektromobily vych\u00e1zej\u00ed jako \u010dist\u0161\u00ed varianta, by\u0165 ne tak v\u00fdrazn\u011b, jak to hodnot\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eP\u0159i zapo\u010dten\u00ed v\u0161ech externalit vych\u00e1zej\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 emise elektromobilu u n\u00e1s kolem 100 gram\u016f oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho na ujet\u00fd kilometr. U benzinov\u00fdch voz\u016f je to v pr\u016fm\u011bru 150 a\u017e 160 gram\u016f oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho na kilometr, u aut se vzn\u011btov\u00fdm motorem asi 140 gram\u016f,\u201c shrnuje Profesor Macek.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto evropsk\u00e9 \u00fa\u0159ady pro \u00fa\u010dely sv\u00e9 regula\u010dn\u00ed metodiky pova\u017euj\u00ed elektromobily za bezemisn\u00ed. \u201eJe to trochu podvod,\u201c podot\u00fdk\u00e1 Macek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Politick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra elektromobility<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Hlavn\u00ed politick\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro rozvoj elektromobility jsou pokuty, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed automobilky platit, pokud pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 emise jejich voz\u016f p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed 95 g oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho na ujet\u00fd kilometr. Splnit emisn\u00ed c\u00edl mohou jen v\u00fdrobou elektromobil\u016f, kter\u00e9 bez ohledu na jejich skute\u010dnou emisn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e mohou vykazovat jako bezemisn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdrobc\u016fm automobil\u016f se vyplat\u00ed elektrifikovat velk\u00e1 auta, kter\u00e1 by m\u011bla jinak emise ke 300 gram\u016fm oxidu uhli\u010dit\u00e9ho (CO2<\/sub>) na kilometr. Do m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho provozu se hod\u00ed v\u00edce mal\u00e1 vozidla. Vozidla objemn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rozm\u011br\u016f ve m\u011bstech smysl moc nemaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paradoxn\u011b v\u00fdrobci vyrob\u00ed rad\u011bji jeden velk\u00fd elektromobil a t\u0159i mal\u00e9 spalovac\u00ed, m\u00edsto toho, aby vyrobili dva mal\u00e9 elektromobily s men\u0161\u00ed mar\u017e\u00ed, proto\u017ee pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed odbyt pro sv\u00e9 motorov\u00e9 odd\u011blen\u00ed. \u0160koda Auto proto ukon\u010dila v\u00fdrobu mal\u00e9ho Citigo, p\u0159esto\u017ee typicky m\u011bstsk\u00e9 auto na dom\u00e1c\u00edm trhu zaznamenalo \u00fasp\u011bch, nahradila ho v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi a dra\u017e\u0161\u00edmi modely navzdory tomu, \u017ee se do m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho provozu hod\u00ed v\u00edce mal\u00e1 vozidla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto existuje ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob dopravy<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

I p\u0159es ekologick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody elektromobil\u016f, kter\u00e9 nakonec tak ekologick\u00e9 nejsou, existuje ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ekonomi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob dopravy ve m\u011bst\u011b. Tento ekologick\u00fd zp\u016fsob naz\u00fdv\u00e1me m\u011bstsk\u00e1 hromadn\u00e1 doprava (MHD), kter\u00e1 v\u00e1s dostane na m\u00edsta, kam se mnohdy s autem nedostanete nebo jen velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b. P\u0159i dne\u0161n\u00ed cen\u011b ro\u010dn\u00edho kup\u00f3nu v\u00e1s cesta vyjde na deset korun denn\u011b bez ohledu na ujetou vzd\u00e1lenou. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodou je, \u017ee nemus\u00edte \u0159e\u0161it parkov\u00e1n\u00ed a servis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud v\u00e1m i MHD p\u0159ijde neekologick\u00e1, st\u00e1le se nab\u00edz\u00ed ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob dopravy. Chodit p\u011b\u0161ky.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elektromobilita je trend sou\u010dasnosti. Vozy s\u00a0elektrick\u00fdm pohonem se neust\u00e1le vyv\u00edjej\u00ed, st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u00a0jejich nab\u00edjen\u00ed je \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. P\u0159esto je v\u0161ak n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 necht\u011bj\u00ed. Pro\u010d? Elektromobily jsou ide\u00e1ln\u00edm spole\u010dn\u00edkem […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":3146,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[97,61,60],"tags":[8,4],"class_list":["post-3134","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-doprava","category-ekologicke-problemy","category-zivotni-prostredi","tag-rodic-zak","tag-ucitel"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3134","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3134"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3134\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3148,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3134\/revisions\/3148"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3146"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3134"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3134"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3134"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}