{"id":2501,"date":"2021-06-28T11:59:05","date_gmt":"2021-06-28T09:59:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions.uvirt120.active24.cz\/?p=2501"},"modified":"2021-06-28T14:09:12","modified_gmt":"2021-06-28T12:09:12","slug":"kombinace-kvalitniho-testovani-a-ockovani-by-mela-zajistit-klidnejsi-podzim-nez-ten-predesly-rika-mariana-capkova","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=2501","title":{"rendered":"Kombinace kvalitn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed a o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011bla zajistit klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podzim ne\u017e ten p\u0159ede\u0161l\u00fd, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Mariana \u010capkov\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mariana \u010capkov\u00e1 je p\u0159edsedkyn\u00ed V\u00fdboru pro v\u00fdchovu a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Zastupitelstva Hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Prahy. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu pandemie bojovala za bezpe\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1vrat d\u011bt\u00ed do \u0161kol a hlavn\u011b za kvalitn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed v nich, spole\u010dn\u011b s dal\u0161\u00edmi pra\u017esk\u00fdmi zastupiteli pak pomohli pra\u017esk\u00fdm \u0161kol\u00e1m se zaveden\u00edm PCR testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Do p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho \u0161koln\u00edho roku bychom m\u011bli v\u00edce investovat do kvalitn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby d\u011bti nemusely op\u011bt z\u016fst\u00e1vat doma, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. Co p\u0159inesla pandemie koronaviru pra\u017esk\u00fdm \u0161kol\u00e1m, jak si \u0161koly poradily po n\u00e1vratu d\u011bt\u00ed do nich, \u010deho bychom se m\u011bli do budoucna vyvarovat a zda by m\u011bla distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduka z\u016fstat \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b v n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u0161kol\u00e1ch i v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch letech odpov\u011bd\u011bla v rozhovoru pro Prahu \u0161kolskou.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Co pozitivn\u00edho p\u0159inesla pandemie \u010desk\u00fdm \u0161kol\u00e1m?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u00edm sm\u011brem, kde pandemie p\u0159isp\u011bla pozitivn\u011b, je technologick\u00fd sm\u011br. Nainvestovalo se hodn\u011b do IT techniky, nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch technologi\u00ed, software. Povedlo se n\u00e1m vybavit \u017e\u00e1ky jak n\u00e1mi z\u0159izovan\u00fdch st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol, tak \u017e\u00e1ky z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol, pot\u0159ebnou technikou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hodn\u011b se tak\u00e9 zm\u011bnil p\u0159\u00edstup pedagog\u016f k v\u00fduce, proto\u017ee zaujmout d\u011bti prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9. Cel\u00e1 situace s uzav\u0159en\u00fdmi \u0161kolami tak\u00e9 v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech pomohla u\u010ditel\u016fm nav\u00e1zat bli\u017e\u0161\u00ed vztah s jejich studenty. Spousta d\u011bt\u00ed toti\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku z\u016fstala bez spojen\u00ed se \u0161kolou, bez technologi\u00ed k v\u00fduce pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch, co\u017e by za standardn\u00ed situace u\u010ditel\u00e9 nebo \u0159editel\u00e9 \u0161kol nepoc\u00edtili. Pokud ale byli dostate\u010dn\u011b vn\u00edmav\u00ed, nahl\u00e9dli pod pokli\u010dku toho, jak to v rodin\u00e1ch funguje, a mohli d\u011btem pomoci se se situac\u00ed vyrovnat a pomoci se zorientovat v nov\u00fdch sm\u011brech v\u00fduky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00edce ale vid\u00edm negativ, kter\u00e1 s sebou tato forma v\u00fduky p\u0159inesla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jak\u00e1 to jsou?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dlouh\u00fd v\u00fdpadek \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky nepoznamenal ani tak tu vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st cel\u00e9ho procesu, ale p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b psychiku a du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed. \u0160kola krom\u011b vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed funkce m\u00e1 i funkci v\u00fdchovnou, absenci soci\u00e1ln\u00edho kontaktu vid\u00edm tedy jako obrovsk\u00e9 negativum uzav\u0159en\u00ed \u0161kol. To byl tak\u00e9 d\u016fvod pro to, \u017ee jsme tolik bojovali za co nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1vrat d\u011bt\u00ed do \u0161kol. Nebaz\u00edrovali jsem na tom, aby mlad\u00ed lid\u00e9 a d\u011bti museli nutn\u011b sed\u011bt v lavic\u00edch, ale cht\u011bli jsme, aby se v prvn\u00edm kroku mohli potk\u00e1vat alespo\u0148 venku a u\u010dit se tam. Pedagogicko-psychologick\u00e9 poradny jsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00e9, i d\u011bti v za standardn\u00ed situace funguj\u00edc\u00edch rodin\u00e1ch poci\u0165ovaly \u00fazkosti, tak\u017ee velmi v\u00edt\u00e1m, \u017ee se d\u011bti alespo\u0148 na posledn\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc vr\u00e1tily do \u0161kol a mohou se op\u011bt potk\u00e1vat i na\u017eivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159ed n\u00e1vratem do \u0161kol se hodn\u011b mluvilo o tom, \u017ee by d\u011bti m\u011bly m\u00edt \u010das na adaptaci, nem\u011blo by se tolik zkou\u0161et, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e jen nen\u00e1silnou formou ov\u011b\u0159it, co je t\u0159eba dohnat. M\u00e1te n\u011bjak\u00e9 ohlasy po dvou m\u011bs\u00edc\u00edch otev\u0159en\u00fdch \u0161kol?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velmi z\u00e1le\u017eelo na jednotliv\u00e9 \u0161kole. N\u011bkter\u00e9 \u0161koly skute\u010dn\u011b sv\u00fdm \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm dop\u0159\u00e1ly del\u0161\u00ed prostor zvyknout si znovu na \u0161koln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed a na to, \u017ee se po dlouh\u00e9 dob\u011b ocitli v kolektivu. Specifick\u00e1 situace byla na n\u011bkter\u00fdch st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch, kdy prakticky ihned po n\u00e1vratu do \u0161kol za\u010daly maturitn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky. Maturanti tak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 oddechu nem\u011bli, za to \u017e\u00e1ci ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol za\u010d\u00ednali n\u011bkde rovnou \u0161koln\u00edm v\u00fdletem pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli maturit\u00e1m sv\u00fdch star\u0161\u00edch spolu\u017e\u00e1k\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00fdm \u0161kol\u00e1m se poda\u0159ilo s d\u011btmi vyjet i na \u0161kolu v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b a celkov\u011b bylo vid\u011bt, \u017ee se \u0161koly sna\u017e\u00ed d\u011btem vynahradit to, o co p\u0159i\u0161li.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010casto se zmi\u0148oval i n\u00e1vrat st\u0159edo\u0161kol\u00e1k\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed byli na seznamu jedni z posledn\u00edch a v lavic\u00edch moc \u010dasu nepobyli. M\u011bli b\u00fdt opravdu jedni z posledn\u00edch na seznamu?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ano, na st\u0159edo\u0161kol\u00e1ky se opravdu zapom\u00ednalo, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo se, \u017ee u\u017e jsou dostate\u010dn\u011b velc\u00ed na to, aby to doma zvl\u00e1dli. Nemus\u00ed s nimi sice rodi\u010de b\u00fdt doma, ale i jejich vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed bylo zasa\u017eeno. Nejv\u00edce u \u017e\u00e1k\u016f odborn\u00fdch \u0161kol, chyb\u00ed jim praxe a praktick\u00e1 v\u00fduka, bez kter\u00e9 nelze absolvovat ro\u010dn\u00edk a budou ji muset p\u0159es l\u00e9to co nejv\u00edce dohnat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co se t\u00fd\u010de gymnazi\u00e1ln\u00edch obor\u016f, tam se d\u00e1 distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduka zvl\u00e1dnout velmi dob\u0159e i online. Ale op\u011bt nar\u00e1\u017e\u00edme na aspekt soci\u00e1ln\u00edch vazeb a du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed. D\u011bti v teenagerovsk\u00e9m v\u011bku byly na rok a p\u016fl odtr\u017eeny od kolektivu a ve formov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich osobnosti je to obrovsk\u00e1 mezera. Do p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho \u0161koln\u00edho roku bychom tedy m\u011bli v\u00edce investovat do kvalitn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby d\u011bti nemusely op\u011bt z\u016fst\u00e1vat doma. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed st\u0159edo\u0161kol\u00e1ci by p\u0159esto r\u00e1di pokra\u010dovali v \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduce i v dal\u0161\u00edch letech. Podporujete to?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed zcela na nastaven\u00ed \u0161koly. J\u00e1 osobn\u011b se domn\u00edv\u00e1m, \u017ee pokud to pedagog\u016fm a \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm bude vyhovovat, mohou b\u00fdt n\u011bkter\u00e9 prvky distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduky zachov\u00e1ny. Pova\u017euji to v\u0161ak za vhodn\u00e9 sp\u00ed\u0161e na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole, ne\u017e na \u0161kole z\u00e1kladn\u00ed. Ne v\u0161echny rodiny maj\u00ed vhodn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro takov\u00fd zp\u016fsob fungov\u00e1n\u00ed a bylo by nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, kdyby se rozd\u00edly mezi d\u011btmi je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce prohlubovaly, jako se tomu d\u011blo v dob\u011b pandemie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Co by m\u011bla vl\u00e1da ud\u011blat, aby se situace v nov\u00e9m \u0161koln\u00edm roce neopakovala?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vl\u00e1da by hlavn\u011b nem\u011bla d\u011blat \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 un\u00e1hlen\u00e9 a populistick\u00e9 kroky. Ve chv\u00edli, kdy ustoup\u00ed tlaku rodi\u010d\u016f a pust\u00ed se d\u011bti do \u0161kol bez jak\u00e9hokoli testov\u00e1n\u00ed a omezen\u00ed, mus\u00edme o\u010dek\u00e1vat, \u017ee se do p\u00e1r t\u00fddn\u016f bude v\u0161e opakovat. M\u011bli bychom investovat do kvalitn\u00edch test\u016f. A dal\u0161\u00ed z cest je o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed. Od toho si slibuji hodn\u011b, nicm\u00e9n\u011b ani to nen\u00ed samospasn\u00e1 metoda. Ale d\u00edky kombinaci kvalitn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed a ur\u010dit\u00e9 proo\u010dkovanosti by mohl podzim prob\u011bhnout mnohem jednodu\u0161eji ne\u017e leto\u0161n\u00ed podzim a zima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zm\u00ednila jste v\u00fduku venku, nen\u00ed to jedna z cest, jak vyhov\u011bt po\u017eadavk\u016fm epidemiolog\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 vn\u00e9st do \u0161kolstv\u00ed nov\u00fd v\u00edtr? Poradili by si pedagogov\u00e9 i s touto formou v\u00fduky? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u011b\u0159\u00edm, \u017ee za\u0159azen\u00ed v\u00fduky venku je pro d\u011bti po v\u0161ech str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch vhodn\u00e9, z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed v\u0161ak na mo\u017enostech \u0161koly, jej\u00edm nastaven\u00ed a v\u016fli. Ur\u010dit\u011b nevid\u00edm cestu \u0161kol\u00e1m v tomto ohledu n\u011bco na\u0159izovat, ale jako roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed mo\u017enost\u00ed v\u00fduky to vn\u00edm\u00e1m jako jeden z dobr\u00fdch sm\u011br\u016f. V distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduce a v r\u00e1mci homeoffic\u016f \u0159ada z n\u00e1s m\u011bla mo\u017enost vyzkou\u0161et si, \u017ee z\u016fstat sed\u011bt cel\u00fd den v jedn\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti a soust\u0159edit se je jednostrann\u011b str\u00e1ven\u00fd \u010das. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vznikaj\u00ed i nov\u00e9 \u0161koly typu Scio expedi\u010dn\u00ed \u0161kola, lesn\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly, v \u010cR u\u017e v\u00edce ne\u017e deset let funguj\u00ed lesn\u00ed mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161koly, kde p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017enou \u010d\u00e1st dne tr\u00e1v\u00ed d\u011bti venku, nepl\u00e1nuje se v Praze i v souvislosti se zku\u0161enostmi z pandemie v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podpora t\u00e9to vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed formy?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

To bude z\u00e1le\u017eet p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na samotn\u00e9m z\u00e1jmu \u0161kol. Jak zmi\u0148ujete, v Praze je skute\u010dn\u011b \u0161irok\u00e1 nab\u00eddka vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch mo\u017enost\u00ed a Hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto Praha se sna\u017e\u00ed podporovat jak tuto pestrost, tak se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm chceme zam\u011b\u0159ovat na kvalitu ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch \u0161kol. Z\u00e1kladem je toti\u017e skute\u010dn\u011b dobr\u00e9 dostupn\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed pro v\u0161echny d\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u011bti tak\u00e9 v posledn\u00edm roce musely opustit sv\u00e9 volno\u010dasov\u00e9 aktivity, a\u0165 u\u017e sportovn\u00ed, nebo um\u011bleck\u00e9. Poda\u0159\u00ed se udr\u017eet d\u011bti u t\u011bchto aktivit i v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm \u0161koln\u00edm roce?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Volno\u010dasov\u00e9 aktivity jsou pro d\u011bti nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, \u010dasto supluj\u00ed rodinn\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed u spousty d\u011bt\u00ed, skaut\u0161t\u00ed vedouc\u00ed a vedouc\u00ed v domech d\u011bt\u00ed a ml\u00e1de\u017ee (DDM) znaj\u00ed i rodinn\u00e9 z\u00e1zem\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a maj\u00ed \u0161anci zjistit, zda nen\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fd probl\u00e9m a pomoci jim. Na to, abychom usoudili, zda z\u00e1jem o volno\u010dasov\u00e9 aktivity u d\u011bt\u00ed v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm \u0161koln\u00edm roce poroste, nebo naopak bude klesat, je je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 brzy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mariana \u010capkov\u00e1 je p\u0159edsedkyn\u00ed V\u00fdboru pro v\u00fdchovu a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Zastupitelstva Hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Prahy. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu pandemie bojovala za bezpe\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1vrat d\u011bt\u00ed do \u0161kol a hlavn\u011b za kvalitn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed v nich, spole\u010dn\u011b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":2507,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[3,8,4],"class_list":["post-2501","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualne-ze-skolstvi","tag-reditel","tag-rodic-zak","tag-ucitel"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2501","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2501"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2501\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2508,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2501\/revisions\/2508"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}