{"id":1146,"date":"2021-02-02T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-02T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions.uvirt120.active24.cz\/?p=1146"},"modified":"2021-02-02T11:26:04","modified_gmt":"2021-02-02T10:26:04","slug":"ekonomicke-dopady-pandemie-na-skolstvi-budou-dlouhodobe-v-sazce-je-hodne-penez-rika-ekonom-munich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/?p=1146","title":{"rendered":"Ekonomick\u00e9 dopady pandemie na \u0161kolstv\u00ed budou dlouhodob\u00e9. V s\u00e1zce je hodn\u011b pen\u011bz, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 ekonom M\u00fcnich"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>S pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pandemi\u00ed a zav\u0159en\u00edm \u0161kol podle ekonoma Daniela M\u00fcnicha hroz\u00ed, \u017ee \u0159ada d\u011bt\u00ed ztrat\u00ed kontakt s u\u010divem natolik, \u017ee nebude m\u00edt s\u00edlu se ve \u0161kole op\u011bt zapojit a bude ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed za sv\u00fdmi spolu\u017e\u00e1ky d\u00e1le ztr\u00e1cet. Prohloub\u00ed se tak u\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly k p\u0159\u00edstupu ke kvalitn\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cesku. U\u010ditel\u00e9 by museli b\u00fdt kouzeln\u00edci, aby zvl\u00e1dli standardn\u00ed v\u00fduku, b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 povinnosti a je\u0161t\u011b tyto d\u011bti dou\u010dovali, \u0159ekl v rozhovoru pro web Praha \u0161kolsk\u00e1 \u0159editel think-tanku IDEA p\u0159i N\u00e1rodohospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m \u00fastavu Akademie v\u011bd \u010cR.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p><strong>Ekonom M\u00fcnich by osobn\u011b letos zru\u0161il i povinnou st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edch test\u016f na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly. Upozornil tak\u00e9, \u017ee dopady sou\u010dasn\u00e9 krize a dlouhodob\u00e9 distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduky ovlivn\u00ed&nbsp; budouc\u00ed schopnost jednotlivc\u016f se d\u00e1le vzd\u011bl\u00e1vat, \u017e\u00edt ve spole\u010dnosti a b\u00fdt ekonomicky produktivn\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jak srovnat nerovnosti mezi d\u011btmi, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduky vznikly? Do\u017eene se to v\u016fbec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 d\u011bti, a nebude jich m\u00e1lo, skute\u010dn\u011b ztratily za ty dlouh\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce prezen\u010dn\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed v\u00fdluky kontakt s l\u00e1tkou, kter\u00e1 se na \u0161kole te\u010f u\u010d\u00ed a u\u017e nen\u00ed v sil\u00e1ch jich samotn\u00fdch to dohnat a jak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 se op\u011bt chytit, nav\u00e1zat. Jde v\u011bt\u0161inou o d\u011bti, kter\u00fdm nem\u00e1 \u010di nechce doma nikdo pomoci, a jsou odk\u00e1z\u00e1ny na to, co za\u0159\u00edd\u00ed \u0161kola a u\u010ditel\u00e9. V\u00e1\u017en\u011b tedy hroz\u00ed, \u017ee ani n\u00e1vrat do \u0161kol pro n\u011b nebude n\u00e1vratem do norm\u00e1lu, ale \u017ee budou i nad\u00e1le ztr\u00e1cet ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed za spolu\u017e\u00e1ky. V\u00e1\u017en\u011b tedy hroz\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 prohlouben\u00ed ji\u017e tak vysok\u00fdch rozd\u00edl\u016f k p\u0159\u00edstupu ke kvalitn\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed v \u010cesku. U\u010ditel\u00e9 by museli b\u00fdt kouzeln\u00edci, aby zvl\u00e1dli standardn\u00ed v\u00fduku a b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 povinnosti a nav\u00edc k tomu je\u0161t\u011b intenzivn\u011b dou\u010dovali po odpoledn\u00edch \u010di ve\u010derech tyto d\u011bti. N\u011bkde m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o p\u00e1r d\u011bt\u00ed, jinde to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dtvrtina a\u017e polovina. A nedejme se m\u00e1st t\u00edm, \u017ee o t\u011bchto d\u011btech moc nesly\u0161\u00edme a sledujeme sp\u00ed\u0161e ty pozitivn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady z na\u0161\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u00ed bubliny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed kroky by m\u011blo podniknout ministerstvo \u0161kolstv\u00ed k tomu, aby se d\u011bti do \u0161kol mohly v n\u011bjak\u00e9m provozu vr\u00e1tit?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dnes jsme st\u00e1le v situaci, kdy prim hraje a mus\u00ed hr\u00e1t ministerstvo zdravotnictv\u00ed a vl\u00e1da. Ned\u00e1 se nic d\u011blat, ale dokud vl\u00e1da neza\u010dne lidi motivovat k testov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebude se efektivn\u011b trasovat, nebude zaveden syst\u00e9m \u0161irok\u00e9 nab\u00eddky preventivn\u00edho antigenn\u00edho&nbsp; testov\u00e1n\u00ed&nbsp; i ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch a nebude dostate\u010dn\u00e1 proo\u010dkovanost populace, do t\u00e9 doby bude kon\u00e1n\u00ed M\u0160MT z logiky v\u011bci ta\u017eeno sp\u00ed\u0161e epidemickou situac\u00ed.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong><em>\u201cA\u017e p\u0159ijde \u010das, \u0161koly by m\u011bly dostat od M\u0160MT nejen pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pen\u00edze nav\u00edc, ale tak\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00e9 a ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1vody, jak postupovat.\u201d&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>A vl\u00e1da svou neschopnost\u00ed ud\u011blala z \u010ceska jednu z nejv\u00edce posti\u017een\u00fdch zem\u00ed covidem, jak po str\u00e1nce po\u010dtu naka\u017een\u00fdch, tak zem\u0159el\u00fdch na 100 tis\u00edc obyvatel. M\u0160MT si ale u\u017e d\u00e1vno mohlo a m\u011blo zadat v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9 studie toho, jak\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby a jak intenzivn\u011b se n\u00e1kaza dosud ve \u0161kol\u00e1ch \u0161\u00ed\u0159ila, jak\u00e9 dopady m\u011bla r\u016fzn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed. Ur\u010dit\u011b by u\u017e m\u011blo m\u00edt podrobn\u011b rozpracov\u00e1no a v ov\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edm re\u017eimu \u201cb\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u201d zac\u00edlen\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b na zaost\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed \u017e\u00e1ky. Nejde zdaleka jen o rezervov\u00e1n\u00ed pen\u011bz nav\u00edc a pl\u00e1n, jak je spr\u00e1vn\u011b nasm\u011brovat, ale i o to, jak to dou\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u011b logisticky pojmout. T\u011bch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f se nab\u00edz\u00ed cel\u00e1 \u0159ada, ale ne ka\u017ed\u00fd bude fungovat. A\u017e p\u0159ijde \u010das, \u0161koly by m\u011bly dostat od M\u0160MT nejen pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 pen\u00edze nav\u00edc, ale tak\u00e9 doporu\u010den\u00e9 a ov\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 n\u00e1vody, jak postupovat. Ur\u010dit\u011b bude op\u011bt \u0161patn\u011b a se spoustou zbyte\u010dn\u00fdch \u0161kod, kdy\u017e se to za\u010dne prom\u00fd\u0161let a zkou\u0161et a\u017e covid zmiz\u00ed, tedy pokud v\u016fbec zmiz\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>V sou\u010dasnosti se \u017e\u00e1ci p\u00e1t\u00fdch, sedm\u00fdch a dev\u00e1t\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd u\u017e p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00ed zkou\u0161ky na S\u0160. Mysl\u00edte si, \u017ee by CERMAT m\u011bl na ja\u0159e pro v\u00edcelet\u00e1 gymn\u00e1zia p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010dky zjednodu\u0161it a maj\u00ed se v\u016fbec konat jednotn\u00e9 zkou\u0161ky?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>V dan\u00e9 chv\u00edli je mysl\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 d\u00e1t \u0161kol\u00e1m, \u0159editel\u016fm, \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm a jejich rodi\u010d\u016fm jistotu, jak to vlastn\u011b bude. A nenech\u00e1vat je v nap\u011bt\u00ed a nejistot\u011b. I zde na to toti\u017e nejv\u00edce doplat\u00ed socioekonomicky znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00e9 d\u011bti. Ot\u00e1zku, zda maj\u00ed b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edma\u010dek i st\u00e1tn\u00ed testy \u010di nikoliv, pak pova\u017euji za druhotnou. Prost\u011b je to pot\u0159eba co nejd\u0159\u00edve rozhodnout. Osobn\u011b bych asi letos povinnou st\u00e1tn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edch test\u016f zru\u0161il.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><strong><em>\u201cCo d\u00e1le pandemie uk\u00e1zala, ale co st\u00e1le bohu\u017eel p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme, jak velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je osobn\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00fd kontakt ve \u0161kole, jak mezi vrstevn\u00edky tak mezi nimi a u\u010diteli.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>M\u011bly by d\u011bti chodit i v l\u00e9t\u011b do \u0161koly?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Je to jedna z variant, jak zajistit dou\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 ve v\u00fduce p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 za ten rok a mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u016fl nav\u00edc, zaostaly. Ale mus\u00ed se s t\u00edm po\u010d\u00edtat p\u0159edem, vy\u010dlenit na to v\u010das, opakuji v\u010das, pen\u00edze a p\u0159ipravit na to u\u010ditele, \u0159editele a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b asistenty v\u00fduky. Jen od zelen\u00e9ho stolu se funk\u010dn\u00ed mechanismus nenavrhne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote\"><blockquote><p>V s\u00e1zce je hodn\u011b pen\u011bz<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Co n\u00e1m pandemie doposud ve \u0161kolstv\u00ed uk\u00e1zala?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ur\u010dit\u011b v\u011bt\u0161inu pedagog\u016f bez velk\u00fdch debat nau\u010dila pou\u017e\u00edvat n\u00e1stroje elektronick\u00e9 komunikace a e-vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd ale m\u011bl dost nad\u0161en\u00ed, dovednost\u00ed a zv\u00eddavosti, aby pov\u00fd\u0161ili n\u00e1stroje komunika\u010dn\u00ed na n\u00e1stroje vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Co d\u00e1le pandemie uk\u00e1zala, ale co st\u00e1le bohu\u017eel p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme, jak velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je osobn\u00ed spole\u010densk\u00fd kontakt ve \u0161kole, jak mezi vrstevn\u00edky tak mezi nimi a u\u010diteli. Jak je \u0161kola z\u00e1sadn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 jako socializa\u010dn\u00ed&nbsp; prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde se formuje spousta pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd \u017eivot z\u00e1sadn\u00edch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch a nekognitivn\u00edch dovednost\u00ed. A \u017ee bez toho \u0159ada mlad\u00fdch dnes propad\u00e1 depresi \u010di se jim jinak zhor\u0161ila kvalita du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed. Tento fenom\u00e9n je st\u00e1le bohu\u017eel p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017een a z pohledu ministerstva ml\u00e1de\u017ee jakoby nebyl. Co t\u0159eba zav\u00e9st pravidlo, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1ci od druh\u00fdch stup\u0148\u016f \u0161kol se b\u011bhem v\u00fdluky sejdou ve \u0161kole \u010di na projektov\u00e9 proch\u00e1zce po okol\u00ed alespo\u0148 jednou za t\u00fdden \u010di dva s t\u00edm, \u017ee je r\u00e1no v\u0161echny v\u010detn\u011b u\u010ditel\u016f otestuje antigenn\u00edmi testy poj\u00edzdn\u00e1 stanice?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jak\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 dopady m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt u\u0161l\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ekonomick\u00e9 dopady maj\u00ed hlavn\u011b dlouhodob\u00fd charakter. Jde tady o dopady na budouc\u00ed schopnost jednotlivc\u016f se d\u00e1le vzd\u011bl\u00e1vat, \u017e\u00edt ve spole\u010dnosti a b\u00fdt ekonomicky produktivn\u00ed. Jak\u00e9 ty dopady skute\u010dn\u011b budou, se dozv\u00edme a\u017e z budouc\u00edch v\u00fdzkum\u016f za deset a v\u00edce let. Ale na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, co modern\u00ed v\u011bda v\u00ed, hrub\u00e9 odhady ud\u011blat lze ji\u017e dnes. Lze odhadovat, \u017ee pouh\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty na budouc\u00ed produktivit\u011b pr\u00e1ce za zhruba ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdluku prezen\u010dn\u00edho \u0161kolstv\u00ed mohu p\u0159edstavovat 500 miliard korun \u010di sp\u00ed\u0161e v\u00edce. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1m sp\u00ed\u0161e v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee s d\u00e9lkou v\u00fdluky se dopady neline\u00e1rn\u011b prohlubuj\u00ed. A souvis\u00ed to i s t\u011bmi zaost\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edmi d\u011btmi, o kter\u00fdch jsme hovo\u0159ili v \u00favodu. V s\u00e1zce je tedy opravdu hodn\u011b pen\u011bz. Jen pro p\u0159edstavu, 500 miliard p\u0159edstavuje ro\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fddaje na d\u016fchody, nebo to je p\u011btin\u00e1sobek bal\u00edku pen\u011bz, kter\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u011b plynou na platy u\u010ditel\u016f. A k tomu nech\u0165 si ka\u017ed\u00fd p\u0159ipo\u010dte ekonomicky t\u011b\u017eko vy\u010d\u00edsliteln\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty, jako t\u0159eba ty na du\u0161evn\u00edm zdrav\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. A to t\u0159eba nehovo\u0159\u00edm o dodate\u010dn\u00e9 z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei rodi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed pandemi\u00ed a zav\u0159en\u00edm \u0161kol podle ekonoma Daniela M\u00fcnicha hroz\u00ed, \u017ee \u0159ada d\u011bt\u00ed ztrat\u00ed kontakt s u\u010divem natolik, \u017ee nebude m\u00edt s\u00edlu se ve \u0161kole op\u011bt zapojit a bude [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1147,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[2,3,8,4],"class_list":["post-1146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-budoucnost-skolstvi","tag-dulezite","tag-reditel","tag-rodic-zak","tag-ucitel"],"acf":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1146"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1162,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1146\/revisions\/1162"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1147"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prahaskolska-backup.200.solutions\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}